{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T11:06:02Z","timestamp":1771153562931,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To assess skill erosion for physicists after leaving brachytherapy service and contributors to variability during brachytherapy treatment planning.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Medical physicists simulated planning for nine patients by creating treatment plans twice, 2 months apart. The physicists were stratified as \u201cOn\u2010Service\u201d if they were assigned to and actively participating in the brachytherapy service (including treatment planning) during the study or \u201cOff\u2010Service\u201d if they were not assigned, were not actively engaged in the service, and had not performed treatment planning the 6 months prior to the study commencement or during the study. A mixed effects model with Bonferroni correction was used to test for statistical significance between the stratified groups and Cohen's D was used to compare the effect of skill erosion. ANOVA analysis of a crossed Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gauge R&R) study quantified three contributors to variability for eight segments of the planning process: [1] repeatability (intra\u2010observer), [2] reproducibility (inter\u2010observer), and [3] patient\u2010to\u2010patient variation. Process capability was deemed acceptable when the Total Gauge R&R was less than 10%, marginally acceptable between 10% and 30%, and unacceptable when greater than 30%.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The group of On\u2010Service study participants had lower variability on 10 of 19 measures in the brachytherapy planning process than Off\u2010Service study participants with the effect size being small, Cohen's D between 0.15 and 0.30 for significant measures. This indicates skill erosion does affect physicists after leaving the brachytherapy service for a period of 6 months or more. For both groups, only the bladder D2cc metric had a controlled amount of variability other than applicator reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Brachytherapy treatment planning suffers from skill erosion. Physicists should seek to mitigate its effects and evaluate competency on an ongoing basis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T04:39:27Z","timestamp":1760503167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An assessment of skill erosion on high\u2010dose rate brachytherapy treatment planning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3222-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominic J.","family":"DiCostanzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Wexner Medical Center The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodore T.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Systems Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8554-5426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet S.","family":"Ayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Wexner Medical Center The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Quick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Wexner Medical Center The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin D.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily S.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v17i4.5804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327043hup1101_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"American Association of Physicists in Medicine. Definition of A Qualified Medical Physicist. Accessed February 2 2023 https:\/\/www.aapm.org\/org\/policies\/details.asp?id=2551&type=PS"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2023.11.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jicru\/ndw027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2011.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2011.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2005.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2004.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08982112.2022.2069505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2013.869357"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acm2.70300","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/acm2.70300","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acm2.70300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T10:50:47Z","timestamp":1771152647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acm2.70300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/acm2.70300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acm2.70300","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-9914","1526-9914"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-9914","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-9914","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70300"}}