{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T14:07:37Z","timestamp":1771337257474,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Computed tomography is a highly effective diagnostic tool for evaluating pathological conditions of the temporal bone. However, the relatively high radiation doses pose risks to radiosensitive organs, making dose optimization essential in accordance with the ALARA principle. Recent technological advances, such as tin\u2010based photon\u2010shaping filters, have enabled significant dose reduction in both dual\u2010 and single\u2010energy CT without compromising image quality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the impact of a spectral shaping tin filter on image quality and radiation dose in temporal bone CT examinations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty\u2010six patients undergoing temporal bone CT were retrospectively analysed. Group A (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a013) underwent standard CT, while Group B (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a023) underwent CT examination using 150 kVp beam with additional tin filtration. Images were reconstructed with model\u2010based iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE, level 3) and assessed by two neuroradiologists using a 3\u2010point Likert scale. Radiation dose was quantified via CTDIvol, DLP, and eye lens dose using Monte Carlo simulations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Both protocols provided diagnostic\u2010quality images. The protocol with tin filter achieved slightly superior image quality (median scores: overall 3.00\u00a0vs. 2.88, contrast 3.00\u00a0vs. 2.96, resolution 2.58\u00a0vs. 2.53;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05) with substantial inter\u2010rater agreement (\n \u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.75\u20130.97). Mean CTDIvol and DLP decreased from 59.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.1 mGy and 551.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0226.8 mGy\u00d7cm (Group A) to 39.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7 mGy and 302.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a033.8 mGy\u00d7cm (Group B) (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001). Eye lens dose was reduced by 34% (54.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.9 mGy vs. 36.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.2 mGy,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Incorporating a tin filter into temporal bone CT significantly reduces radiation exposure, including lens dose, without compromising\u2014and in some cases slightly improving\u2014image quality. Routine implementation of spectral shaping may enhance patient safety in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T08:49:03Z","timestamp":1766998143000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dose optimization for CT scans of the temporal bone using spectral shaping tin filter"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"von Hessling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Luzerner Kantonsspital, University Teaching and Research Hospital University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos Vin\u00edcius","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Luzerner Kantonsspital, University Teaching and Research Hospital University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Niederau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Luzerner Kantonsspital, University Teaching and Research Hospital University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thiago","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Luzerner Kantonsspital, University Teaching and Research Hospital University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3122-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justus","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Luzerner Kantonsspital, University Teaching and Research Hospital University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0831-4577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Saltybaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Luzerner Kantonsspital, University Teaching and Research Hospital University of Lucerne Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164801316878953"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v16i1.5158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247\u2010022\u201005308\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2941"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2018.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062\u2010023\u201001271\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.3956"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2023.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547\u2010020\u201001216\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010020\u201006809\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1559325820973131"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330\u2010017\u20105167\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2018.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims\u201021\u20101129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.20154"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2012.02.001"}],"container-title":["Journal 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