{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T04:08:05Z","timestamp":1792555685378,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The adoption of HyperSight CBCT has become widespread due to its rapid CBCT scan acquisition (&lt;\u00a06 s) and superior image quality. Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate HyperSight CBCT's image quality and the accuracy of treatment planning dose calculations using HyperSight CBCT. Nevertheless, for the main function of CBCT as a tool of image guided radiation therapy (IGRT), one clinically significant question remains unanswered: What is the quantitative correlation between exposure level (mAs) and desired image quality? This study aims to explore the quantitative correlation between exposure level and image quality, providing guidelines for selecting the appropriate CBCT mAs based on imaging objectives and patient size for the optimal IGRT alignment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the correlation between HyperSight CBCT (equipped on Halcyon linear accelerator) exposure level and image quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine\u2010series of 261 sets CBCT scans were acquired using HyperSight on the Halcyon (125\u00a0kV, 133\u2010971 mAs, FOV: 28.2, 36, and 53.8\u00a0cm). Three\u2010series were acquired with the CatPhan 604 alone, three\u2010series with CatPhan 604 surrounded by a 32\u00a0cm custom\u2010made acrylic annulus, and three series with CatPhan 604 surrounded by a 40\u00a0cm custom\u2010made acrylic annulus. Image quality metrics were analyzed included signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (SNR), contrast\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (CNR), image noise, low\u2010contrast visibility (LCV), uniformity index (UI), integral non\u2010uniformity (INU), and modulation transfer function (MTF). The correlation between mAs and image quality was evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SNR and CNR for all material inserts increased with rising mAs for all scans, with a higher amplitude of increase for scans without annuli. The SNR and CNR were higher for scans without annuli. Both image noise and LCV decreased with rising mAs and were higher for scans with annuli. The UI was independent of mAs for scans of CatPhan alone and CatPhan with a small annulus, and was slightly higher for scans without annuli (\u223c0.1\u00a0vs \u223c0.2). The INU slightly increased with rising mAs and was higher for scans without annuli. MTF was independent of mAs and with or without annuli. MTF values varied with FOV, with smaller FOV yielding better image sharpness. All parameters were FOV\u2010dependent except INU, and generally, the larger the FOV, the better the image quality (except spatial resolution).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HyperSight CBCT acquisition is recommended to be performed with a maximum FOV of 53.8\u00a0cm. To meet the Rose criterion, for a 20\u00a0cm width object, CBCT should be acquired at \u2265154 mAs; for a 32\u00a0cm width object, CBCT should be acquired at \u2265572.6 mAs to reach a 3\u03c3 confidence level; for a 40\u00a0cm object, CBCT should be acquired at \u2265572.6 mAs to reach a 3\u03c3 confidence level for all materials except polystyrene (soft\u2010tissue).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T03:19:36Z","timestamp":1763522376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Correlation between exposure (mAs) and image quality for a rapid cone\u2010beam CT on a ring gantry linear accelerator"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6608-4276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seth","family":"Streitmatter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Nordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4519-4983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0624-6629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan G.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1270-8001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy N.","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Bhagroo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. Jessica","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8742-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geoff","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital University of Utah  Salt Lake City, Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2024.101681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2023.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/ad3cb0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17325"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DuanJ PogueJA BoggsDH HarmsJ Enhancing precision in radiation therapy for locally advanced lung cancer: a case study of cone\u2010beam computed tomography (CBCT)\u2010based online adaptive techniques and the promise of HyperSight\u2122 iterative CBCT. 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