{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T14:06:52Z","timestamp":1771337212362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work presents the development and pilot implementation of a comprehensive remote (postal) dosimetry audit for Ir\u2010192 High Dose Rate interstitial brachytherapy, integrating independent experimental and computational dosimetry procedures into a unified workflow.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A compact, water\u2010equivalent phantom was designed to accommodate two plastic catheters, ten Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeters (OSLDs), and two radiochromic films, allowing for independent point\u2010approximating and 2D dose measurements. In the pilot study, a user\u2010selected treatment plan (36 source dwell positions) was generated using a clinical Treatment Planning System (TPS), after considering the optimal dose range of the dosimeters. By analyzing the DICOM\u2010RT files, a computational dosimetry audit test was also performed using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, enabling independent 3D dose calculations for the same plan and phantom geometry. All dosimetry results were compared to TPS calculations (TG43 and a Model\u2010Based Dose Calculation Algorithm, MBDCA) using the 3D Gamma Index (GI) test, dose difference maps, and dose\u2010volume histogram comparisons, wherever applicable. All procedures were designed for a minimum clinical workload burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pilot study was completed within 10 days of phantom delivery to the clinical site. If necessary, measurements were corrected by applying appropriate correction factors determined by conducting side studies. GI passing criteria were adapted to the uncertainty of each dosimetry system. Excellent agreement between MBDCA dose predictions and experimental or MC results was observed. Within the volume of interest, a systematic overestimation by TG43 relative to MC results (median difference: +2.16%) was attributed to missing scatter conditions and phantom material.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the labor\u2010intensive workflow for the auditing institution, the developed protocol is suitable for remote Ir\u2010192 audits with acceptable uncertainties. Combining experimental and computational methods strengthens the reliability of audit outcomes. Overall results of this work highlight the advantages of an integrated dosimetry protocol for comprehensive and rigorous auditing programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T15:08:03Z","timestamp":1768662483000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experimental and computational dosimetry in an integrated workflow for remote audits in Ir\u2010192 interstitial brachytherapy: Development and pilot implementation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4030-2241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleftherios P","family":"Pappas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6742-1278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Peppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"},{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy Alexandra General Hospital of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Drakopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Velissariou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zoi","family":"Thrapsanioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ionizing Radiation Unit Greek Atomic Energy Commission (EEAE)  Agia Paraskevi Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Kollias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Department Hygeia Hospital  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efi","family":"Koutsouveli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Department Hygeia Hospital  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Lymperopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Radiology Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pantelis","family":"Karaiskos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Laboratory, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1646040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4747264"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2015.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdac058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4865786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2018.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2019.1685128"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2020.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmeas.2024.107101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2014.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2024.103321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2024.100665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4824915"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16455"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.17872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16571"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15092484"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2024.100657"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2016.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2017.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmeas.2008.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/60\/24\/9403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","unstructured":"IAEA.Dosimetry in Brachytherapy\u2010an International Code of Practice for Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratories and Hospitals\u2014Technical Reports Series (TRS) No 4922023."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmeas.2024.107310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13839"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2025.104975"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","volume-title":"TRS\u2010398 (Rev.1): Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotherapy, Rev. 1","author":"IAEA","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmeas.2014.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20140163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13182\/NT11\u2010135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/aad9c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/raon\u20102021\u20100034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/aa6a01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/58\/3\/497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/58\/19\/6623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13571"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1120\/jacmp.v16i1.5136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3533720"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1598711"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2017.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/ad051e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.4811143"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3651482"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acm2.70454","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/acm2.70454","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acm2.70454","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T13:08:56Z","timestamp":1771333736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acm2.70454"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/acm2.70454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acm2.70454","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-9914","1526-9914"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-9914","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-9914","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70454"}}