{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T17:26:34Z","timestamp":1783013194801,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to perform an experimental evaluation of an imaging\u2010based intraoperative electron beam radiotherapy (IOERT) and in vivo dose verification workflow for pancreatic cancer on a porcine cadaver.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Imaging Ring m (ImR) mobile cone\u2010beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanner (medPhoton GmbH, Salzburg), the Radiance (GMV, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain) treatment planning system (TPS) and the Mobetron (IntraOp Medical Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) mobile linear accelerator (LINAC) were used. Cylindrical thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD\u2010100) were employed for in situ dose measurements. ImR calibration data were acquired and imported into Radiance for CT table commissioning. The porcine cadaver was immobilized using standard radiotherapy (RT) equipment and scanned preoperatively with a SOMATOM Go.Open Pro CT scanner (Siemens Healthineers AG, Forchheim, Germany) to obtain a reference abdominal CT image. Subsequently, a surgical procedure was performed to expose the pancreas, and a dedicated TLD\u2010based dosimetry system was secured on its surface. The 5\u00a0cm diameter\/30\u00b0\u2010bevel IOERT plastic applicator was positioned over the dosimeters and intraoperative CBCT images were acquired. Treatment was delivered using a 9\u00a0MeV electron beam, prescribing 10\u00a0Gy to the distal 90% isodose depth. The intraoperative CBCT images were imported into Radiance, where the applicator was positioned based on imaging, relevant anatomy was contoured and three\u2010dimensional (3D) dose distributions were calculated using a Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm and compared to the TLD measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ImR CBCT calibration scans yielded CBCT numbers consistent with reference data. Image quality was sufficient for clear visualization of the applicator and TLD\u2010based dosimetry systems without significant artifacts; however, soft\u2010tissue contrast was limited for clear determination of pancreatic tissue and important neighboring vessels. Due to observed tissue extension within the applicator, dose calculations were adjusted to begin inside the applicator volume. In situ TLD dose measurements agreed with MC\u2010calculated doses within 3%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The developed image\u2010guided pancreatic IOERT workflow was successfully simulated under near\u2010clinical conditions using a porcine cadaver model. Agreement between in situ TLD measurements and MC dose calculations was within the accepted tolerance of \u00b15%, supporting further clinical implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T07:30:09Z","timestamp":1774596609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experimental evaluation of an intraoperative\u2010imaging based workflow for electron beam radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer using in situ dosimetry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9368-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charoula","family":"Iliaskou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Physics Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty of Medicine Medical Center \u2013 University of Freiburg University of Freiburg German Cancer 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