{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:03:43Z","timestamp":1790798623299,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025YFC2427600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFC2427600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62371243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62371243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anatomical changes during radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) frequently compromise target volume coverage while escalating dose delivery to organs at risk (OARs). In adaptive radiotherapy (ART), optimizing workflow efficiency to minimize clinical workload while maximizing patient benefit remains a fundamental challenge. Previous investigations inadequately tackled the critical aspects of identifying robust triggers and optimal timing for ART initiation. To bridge this gap, we quantified weekly sCT\u2010derived volumetric and dosimetric changes on a C\u2010arm linac workflow to determine robust, literature\u2010based thresholds and optimal replanning time points for NPC ART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study analyzed 52 NPC patients undergoing VMAT. Weekly cone\u2010beam CT (CBCT) scans (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0312) were processed through ArcherQA using a CycleGAN\u2010based sCT generation pipeline, which enabled automated segmentation and GPU\u2010accelerated Monte Carlo dose recalculation. Longitudinal volumetric\/dosimetric changes in targets and organs at risk (OARs) were tracked, with Spearman correlation analyzing variable relationships. Binary logistic regression and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified evidence\u2010based triggers and optimal timing for adaptive replanning, enabling quantitative criteria for ART initiation while balancing precision and workflow efficiency.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Anatomical changes drove dosimetric deviations: PGTVn (nodal targets) showed \u22658% volume reduction by week 2 (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.03,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.006, AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.83), while PGTVp\/PTV1 (primary targets) required \u226510% reduction by week 4 (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.76). OAR correlations included left submandibular gland volume inversely linking to mean dose (peak\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0\u20100.575 at week 3,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and delayed ipsilateral parotid atrophy (week 4). Triggers were defined: \u226515% contralateral parotid reduction at week 2 (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.89) and \u226519% left submandibular gland loss at week 3 (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.97). Pharyngeal constrictor analysis revealed that week 2 \u22654% volume loss predicted \u22650.9\u00a0Gy week 3 dose rise (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.93).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Weekly sCT monitoring clarified the optimal timing for offline ART, revealing that structure\u2010specific dosimetric changes necessitate distinct intervention windows, notably week 2 for nodal\/contralateral parotid and week 4 for primary\/ipsilateral parotid,\u00a0providing a practical framework for prospective validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T20:15:44Z","timestamp":1782936944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synthetic CT\u2010enabled weekly adaptive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Optimizing plan adaptation triggers through volumetric\u2013dosimetric monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2402-9719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenmei","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Second People's Hospital of Changzhou Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Changzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixiang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lansheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Xuzhou First People's Hospital  Xuzhou 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