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The clinical implementation of K\u2010edge imaging applications like dual\u2010contrast imaging could lead to reductions in radiation dose and motion artifacts between sequential scans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the feasibility and performance of K\u2010edge imaging of iodine (I) and gadolinium (Gd) on a clinically available photon\u2010counting computed tomography (PCCT) system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A dual\u2010source clinical PCCT scanner with four energy thresholds (20, 55, 72, 90\u00a0keV) was used to scan phantoms containing single and dual contrast solutions of I and Gd across multiple concentrations (1\u201310\u00a0mg\/mL) and radiation doses (1\u20138 mGy). Multi\u2010material decomposition was performed using a calibration\u2010based, image\u2010domain algorithm to generate material\u2010specific maps. Quantitative accuracy was assessed using Bland\u2010Altman analysis and contrast\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (CNR), while noise and bias trends were statistically analyzed using non\u2010parametric tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      K\u2010edge imaging was successfully achieved on a clinical PCCT system with accurate decomposition of I and Gd across varying concentrations, solution compositions (single\/dual contrast), and dose levels. Quantitative bias was significantly influenced by radiation dose, concentration, and solution composition (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0004). Increased radiation dose and contrast concentration improved quantification accuracy, with maximum bias reductions of 0.9 (I) and 0.3\u00a0mg\/mL (Gd). CNR correlated linearly with concentration (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a00.99) and moderately with dose (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.85\u20130.94), achieving peak values of 13 (I) and 16 (Gd) at 8 mGy. Dual contrast solutions showed reduced performance compared to single contrast solutions, that is CNR of 5\u00a0mg\/mL Gd solutions increased by 0.6 per mGy in single contrast solutions while by 0.5 per mGy in dual contrast mixtures. Noise was dependent on dose but not on concentration or solution composition.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study establishes the feasibility of K\u2010edge imaging using a clinical PCCT system and demonstrates accurate, simultaneous decomposition of I and Gd across composition of solution. These findings support the clinical translation of K\u2010edge imaging and highlight PCCT's potential for advanced dual\u2010contrast and molecular imaging applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T16:45:55Z","timestamp":1785516355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["K\u2010Edge imaging using a clinical dual\u2010source photon\u2010counting CT system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Martin V.","family":"Rybertt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leening P.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pooyan","family":"Sahbaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthineers  Malvern Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthineers AG  Forchheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Mathew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold I.","family":"Litt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Florida  Weston Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Cormode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali H.","family":"Dhanaliwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter B.","family":"No\u00ebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018172656"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2020.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRPMS.2020.3020212"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.594357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-5068-2_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160ukovi\u0107P ClinthorneNH Basis material decomposition using triple\u2010energy X\u2010ray computed tomography. 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