{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:52:18Z","timestamp":1791265938751,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In abdominal spectral Computed Tomography (CT), organ dose assessment is important for radiation safety but remains challenging due to the complexity of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to compare the correlations of three size\u2010specific dose estimate (SSDE) metrics (including the central slice SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>center<\/jats:sub>\n                      , the mean of all slices SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and the organ\u2010specific SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>organ<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) with organ doses and to establish a rapid estimation method for organ dose using linear regression in abdominal spectral CT.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monte Carlo N\u2010Particle (MCNP6) was used to model the General Electric (GE) Revolution CT scanner, including its bowtie filter, radiation source, and simulations of tube voltage switching and the X\u2010ray tube trajectory. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data from 30 patients undergoing abdominal spectral CT with identical scan parameters were processed using 3D Slicer. Radiation\u2010sensitive organs were delineated. Following this, digital models were constructed and subsequently voxelized. All patient external body contours were delineated using ImageJ software. Three SSDE metrics were calculated for all patients. Linear regression analysis was performed to correlate organ doses with the three SSDE metrics and to derive estimation coefficients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results indicated that in abdominal spectral CT examinations on a Revolution scanner, SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>organ<\/jats:sub>\n                      exhibited the strongest correlation with organ dose. The R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      values for the liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, spinal cord, and bladder were 0.89, 0.61, 0.81, 0.85, 0.88, 0.94, and 0.68, respectively. The corresponding estimation coefficients derived from SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>organ<\/jats:sub>\n                      for these organs were 0.42, 0.36, 0.37, 0.41, 0.36, 0.26, and 0.26, respectively. The estimation errors for the conversion coefficient combined with SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>organ<\/jats:sub>\n                      , relative to the MC simulation results, were 7.34% for the liver, 6.09% for the kidneys, 13.25% for the spleen, 2.97% for the spinal cord, 13.61% for the pancreas, 17.64% for the stomach, and 18.56% for the bladder.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      For abdominal spectral CT, SSDE\n                      <jats:sub>organ<\/jats:sub>\n                      demonstrated the strongest correlation with individual organ doses. These findings enable rapid and accurate estimation of organ dose, providing a basis for personalized radiation dose assessment in clinical practice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:03:13Z","timestamp":1791262993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Correlation of size specific dose estimates with organ dose in abdominal spectral computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Tian","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life Sciences and Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui China"},{"name":"School of Medical Imaging Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4523-5710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingting","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Imaging Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Imaging Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9814-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yankui","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Imaging Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baohui","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Imaging Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"},{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Intelligent Health Bengbu Medical University  Bengbu Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2017.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2010.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.343135041"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.12834"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2011.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.9210"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0b013e3181df901d"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/54\/9\/007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2057\u20101976\/ab98e6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/61\/11\/4168"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/50\/17\/005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrnm.2016.09.004","article-title":"Study of absorbed dose in important organs during helical CT chest scan using MCNP code and MIRD phantom","volume":"47","author":"Shdeed TA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13246\u2010021\u201001098\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31661\/jbpe.v0i0.2301\u20101586"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15436\/2381\u20100793.16.1142"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","unstructured":"AAPM.Size\u2010specific dose estimates (SSDE) in pediatric and adult body CT examinations. 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