{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:43:33Z","timestamp":1792514613862,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23K07077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K07077"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Applied Clin Med Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n In this study, the dosimetric effect of baseline shift (BLS) in a magnetic resonance linear accelerator was investigated and compared with adapt\u2010to\u2010position (ATP), adapt\u2010to\u2010shape (ATS), and an uncorrected plan without adaptation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n In a simulation dataset consisting of 30 patients (10 prostate, 10 liver, 10 pancreatic), all structures were rigidly shifted by 1, 3, 5, and 10 mm separately in the superior\u2013inferior and posterior directions, and four plans (ATS reoptimization, ATP reoptimization, BLS using the segment aperture morphing algorithm, and an uncorrected plan without adaptation) were generated for each shift condition. Planning target volume (PTV) coverage and PTV maximum dose (Dmax) were then compared. The dosimetric effects of BLS on the targets and organs at risk (OARs) under non\u2010rigid anatomic changes were also evaluated using a clinical dataset based on magnetic resonance imaging acquired during treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n In the simulation analysis of superior\u2013inferior shifts, target coverage using BLS was comparable to that using ATS and ATP across all disease sites and improved compared with that using the uncorrected plan. For posterior shifts, target coverage remained comparable to that using ATS and ATP; however, BLS increased the PTV Dmax at all posterior shift magnitudes (1\u201310 mm) in prostate and pancreatic cases, with limited increases in liver cases. In the clinical dataset, OAR doses upon left\u2013right or anterior\u2013posterior displacement were greater using BLS than using ATP, ATS, and uncorrected plans in the prostate and pancreatic cases, with limited increases in the liver cases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The dosimetric impact of BLS relies on motion direction and plan characteristics. BLS was stable for superior\u2013inferior shifts, whereas posterior shifts may increase PTV hotspots and OAR doses. Therefore, clinical application of BLS should consider motion direction and plan design rather than applying a uniform strategy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:07:46Z","timestamp":1792512466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dosimetric impact of baseline shift plan in a magnetic resonance linear accelerator according to target motion and plan characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4257-5342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shohei","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5018-3800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Kadoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiya","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5984-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Katsuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3716-1817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taichi","family":"Hoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wingyi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriyoshi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rei","family":"Umezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Jingu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13352","article-title":"Future mainstream platform for online adaptive radiotherapy will be using on\u2010board MR rather than on\u2010board (CB) CT images","volume":"22","author":"Hyer DE","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.643","article-title":"Introduction of radiation therapist\u2010led adaptive treatments on a 1.5 T MR\u2010Linac","volume":"70","author":"Picton M","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Radiat Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14122","article-title":"Evaluation of Unity 1.5 T MR\u2010linac plan quality in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"24","author":"Tanaka S","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr-23-1649","article-title":"Beginning of clinical treatment using the 1.5 Tesla MR\u2010Linac system in Japan: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Takahashi N","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-025-14428-x","article-title":"Steps towards overcoming challenges in clinical practice at 1.5 T MR\u2010Linac for lung cancer adaptive radiotherapy","volume":"25","author":"Liu M","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Adaptive radiotherapy: The Elekta Unity MR\u2010linac concept","volume":"18","author":"Winkel D","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transl Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70016","article-title":"Patient setup variation on Elekta Unity and its impact on adaptive planning","volume":"26","author":"Yan M","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.14175","article-title":"Is it necessary to perform measurement\u2010based patient\u2010specific quality assurance for online adaptive radiotherapy with Elekta Unity MR\u2010Linac?","volume":"25","author":"Xu Y","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-025-02014-x","article-title":"First clinical application of Comprehensive Motion Management with 1.5 T MR\u2010linac on prostate cancer patients treated with radiotherapy: technical aspects and suggested workflow recommendations","volume":"130","author":"Nicosia L","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2023.109932","article-title":"Gating and intrafraction drift correction on a 1.5 T MR\u2010Linac: Clinical dosimetric benefits for upper abdominal tumors","volume":"189","author":"Grimbergen G","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17162697","article-title":"Optimizing Motion Management and Baseline Shifts in Magnetic Resonance\u2010Guided Spine Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy","volume":"17","author":"Ding Y","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","article-title":"MR\u2010guided stereotactic radiation therapy for head and neck cancers","volume":"46","author":"Wang H","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Transl Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1569428","article-title":"Real\u2010time tracking of lung tumors using a 1.5 T Elekta Unity MR\u2010Linac: first clinical experiences","volume":"15","author":"Smith B","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Online adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancers on the MR linear Accelerator: Introducing a novel modified Adapt\u2010to\u2010Shape approach","volume":"32","author":"Gupta A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1060098","article-title":"High grade glioma radiation therapy on a high field 1.5 Tesla MR\u2010Linac\u2010workflow and initial experience with daily adapt\u2010to\u2010position (ATP) MR guidance: A first report","volume":"12","author":"Tseng C\u2010L","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ab5539","article-title":"Soft\u2010tissue prostate intrafraction motion tracking in 3D cine\u2010MR for MR\u2010guided radiotherapy","volume":"64","author":"Muinck Keizer DM","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1062134","article-title":"Respiratory gating based on internal electromagnetic motion monitoring during stereotactic liver radiation therapy: first results","volume":"54","author":"Poulsen PR","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.12.017","article-title":"Three\u2010dimensional, time\u2010resolved, intrafraction motion monitoring throughout stereotactic liver radiation therapy on a conventional linear accelerator","volume":"86","author":"Worm ES","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2021.12.001","article-title":"Intrafraction pancreatic tumor motion patterns during ungated magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy with an abdominal corset","volume":"21","author":"Grimbergen G","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3276775","article-title":"A new metric for assessing IMRT modulation complexity and plan deliverability","volume":"37","author":"McNiven AL","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338221074501","article-title":"A comprehensive evaluation of the application of the Halcyon (2.0) IMRT technique in long\u2010course radiotherapy for rectal cancer","volume":"21","author":"Zheng J","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrw129","article-title":"Organ\u2010specific modulation complexity score for the evaluation of dose delivery","volume":"58","author":"Sumida I","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phro.2024.100580","article-title":"Treatment planning evaluation and experimental validation of the magnetic resonance\u2010based intrafraction drift correction","volume":"30","author":"Dobbelsteen M","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.13850","article-title":"Risk analysis of the Unity 1.5 T MR\u2010Linac adapt\u2010to\u2010position workflow","volume":"24","author":"Liang J","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Med Phys"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acm2.70861","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/acm2.70861","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acm2.70861","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:07:49Z","timestamp":1792512469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aapm.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acm2.70861"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/acm2.70861"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acm2.70861","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-9914","1526-9914"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-9914","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-9914","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70861"}}