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Recruitment occurred at 14 centers within the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NINDS<\/jats:styled-content> National Network for Excellence in Neuroscience Clinical Trials (Neuro<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEXT<\/jats:styled-content>) Network. Infant motor function scales and putative electrophysiological, protein and molecular biomarkers were assessed at baseline and subsequent visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enrollment began November, 2012 and ended September, 2014 with 26 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> infants and 27 healthy infants enrolled. Baseline demographic characteristics of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> and control infant cohorts aligned well. Motor function as assessed by the Test for Infant Motor Performance Items (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIMPSI<\/jats:styled-content>) and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHOP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INTEND<\/jats:styled-content>) revealed significant differences between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> and control infants at baseline. Ulnar compound muscle action potential amplitude (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMAP<\/jats:styled-content>) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> infants (1.4 \u00b1 2.2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mV<\/jats:styled-content>) was significantly reduced compared to controls (5.5 \u00b1 2.0 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mV<\/jats:styled-content>). Electrical impedance myography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EIM<\/jats:styled-content>) high\u2010frequency reactance slope (Ohms\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MH<\/jats:styled-content>z) was significantly higher in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> infants than controls <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> infants had lower survival motor neuron (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMN<\/jats:styled-content>) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels in blood than controls, and several serum protein analytes were altered between cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>By the time infants were recruited and presented for the baseline visit, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content> infants had reduced motor function compared to controls. Ulnar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMAP<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> EIM<\/jats:styled-content>, blood <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMN mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels, and serum protein analytes were able to distinguish between cohorts at the enrollment visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T05:28:41Z","timestamp":1453354121000},"page":"132-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Baseline results of the Neuro<scp>NEXT<\/scp> spinal muscular atrophy infant biomarker study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Kolb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Biological Chemistry &amp; Pharmacology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Coffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics NeuroNEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon W.","family":"Yankey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics NeuroNEXT Data Coordinating Center University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Krosschell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences and Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9889-7036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. 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