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To investigate the prevalence of infections in two independent German patient cohorts with multiple sclerosis\/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>), we performed a retrospective chart review study of multiple sclerosis\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content> patients who underwent testing for infections between 2014 and 2016. We show that 6 out of 80 tested patients (D\u00fcsseldorf cohort) and 2 out of 97 tested patients (M\u00fcnster cohort) had a latent tuberculosis infection; total 3.95%, 95% CI: 2\u20138%. Our findings suggest that latent tuberculosis infection is frequent (&gt;1%). Screening should be performed before embarking on immunomodulatory therapies to allow treatment and mitigation of the risk of a reactivation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T12:45:11Z","timestamp":1511527511000},"page":"909-914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Infectious risk stratification in multiple sclerosis patients receiving immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Jonas","family":"Graf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Verena I.","family":"Leussink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital Medical Faculty 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