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A parent completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF), a standardized rating scale of executive functioning, for their child. Mothers completed self\u2010reports of BRIEF and Neuro Quality\u2010of\u2010Life (NeuroQoL) Cognitive Function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, the subjects with <jats:italic>DMD<\/jats:italic> scored approximately one standard deviation (SD) below age\u2010corrected norms on the NIHTB\u2010CB Total Cognition score. They scored 1.5 SD below age\u2010corrected norms in Fluid Cognition, which evaluates the cognitive domains of executive function, working memory, episodic memory, attention, and processing speed. Their performance was consistent with age expectations (i.e., within 1 SD below age\u2010corrected norms) in Crystalized Cognition, which evaluates vocabulary and reading. Subjects with <jats:italic>DMD<\/jats:italic> had higher T\u2010scores in several domains of BRIEF, demonstrating greater difficulty in executive functioning. The biological mothers had overall average or above average T\u2010scores on NIHTB\u2010CB. Mothers who were carriers of <jats:italic>DMD<\/jats:italic> mutation performed lower overall compared to mothers who were not carriers of <jats:italic>DMD<\/jats:italic> mutation (Cohen\u2019s <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.1). Carrier mothers performed lower than average (1.5 SD) in Executive Function, measured by Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention. Biological mothers scored within expected score ranges for adults in BRIEF and NeuroQoL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The NIHTB\u2010CB, combined with standardized self\u2010reported measures, can be a sensitive screening tool for cognitive surveillance in DMD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T12:54:47Z","timestamp":1567256087000},"page":"1696-1706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The NIH Toolbox for cognitive surveillance in Duchenne muscular dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9811-0838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathula","family":"Thangarajh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Children\u2019s National Health System District of Columbia Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron J.","family":"Kaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Social Sciences Northwestern University Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genila","family":"Bibat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Mansour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Summerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Gioia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Science and Pediatrics George Washington University School of Medicine District of Columbia Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carly","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Science and Pediatrics George Washington University School of Medicine District of Columbia Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina K.","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Science and Pediatrics George Washington University School of Medicine District of Columbia Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn R.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00585-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90579-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2007.06.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03024.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.11.2127"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12922"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.117028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/PMS.104.2.663-676"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807309775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000177"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738050200100201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2013.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073817701368"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2014.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30026-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","article-title":"A pilot survey study of adherence to care considerations for Duchenne muscular dystrophy","author":"Conway K","journal-title":"PLoS Curr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312119834470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","volume-title":"Understanding neuromuscular disease care: current state and future prospects","author":"Aitken M","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872e90"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872e5f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mono.12031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872ded"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617714000320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-016-9167-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617715000351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/chin.8.4.249.13513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","unstructured":"RothRM IsquithPK GioiaGA.Behavior rating inventory of executive function adult."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318258f744"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","volume-title":"A language and environment for statistical computing. 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