{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:19:39Z","timestamp":1790799579762,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["293375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["293375"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether anatomical and functional brain features relate to key persistent post\u2013concussion symptoms (PPCS) in children recovering from mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI), and whether such brain indices can predict individual recovery from PPCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and ten children with mixed recovery following mTBI were seen at the concussion clinic at Neurology department Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital. The primary outcome was the Post\u2013Concussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI, parent proxy). Sleep disturbance scores (PCSI subdomain) and the Neurocognition Index (CNS Vital Signs) were also measured longitudinally. PPCS was assessed at 4\u00a0weeks postinjury and 8\u201310\u00a0weeks postinjury. Gray matter volumes were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel\u2010based morphometry at 4 weeks postinjury. Functional connectivity was estimated at the same timepoint using resting\u2010state MRI. Two complementary machine learning methods were used to assess if the combination of gray matter and functional connectivity indices carried meaningful prognostic information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher scores on a composite index of sleep disturbance, including fatigue, were associated with converging decreases in gray matter volume and local functional connectivity in two key nodes of the default mode network: the posterior cingulate cortex and the medial prefrontal cortex. Sleep\u2010related disturbances also significantly correlated with reductions in functional connectivity between these brain regions. The combination of structural and functional brain indices associated to individual variations in the default mode network accurately predicted clinical outcomes at follow\u2010up (area under the curve\u00a0=\u00a00.86).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results highlight that the function\u2013structure profile of core default mode regions underpins sleep\u2010related problems following mTBI and carries meaningful prognostic information for pediatric concussion recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T06:53:40Z","timestamp":1574405620000},"page":"2544-2554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Default mode network anatomy and function is linked 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