{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:33:02Z","timestamp":1790800382937,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000304","name":"Parkinson's UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000304","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000769","name":"University of Oxford","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006775","name":"GE Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) patients have a high risk of developing a Parkinsonian disorder, offering an opportunity for neuroprotective intervention. Predicting near\u2010term conversion, however, remains a challenge. Dopamine transporter imaging, while informative, is expensive and not widely available. Here, we investigate the utility of susceptibility\u2010weighted MRI (SWI) to detect abnormalities of the substantia nigra in RBD, and explore their association with striatal dopaminergic deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>SWI of the substantia nigra was performed in 46 RBD patients, 27 Parkinson\u2019s patients, and 32 control subjects. Dorsal nigral hyperintensity (DNH) was scored by two blinded raters, and separately quantified using a semiautomated process. Forty\u2010two RBD patients were also imaged with <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010ioflupane single\u2010photon emission computed tomography (DaT SPECT\/CT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consensus visual DNH classification was possible in 87% of participants. 27.5% of RBD patients had lost DNH, compared with 7.7% of control subjects and 96% of Parkinson\u2019s patients. RBD patients lacking DNH had significantly lower putamen dopaminergic SPECT\/CT activity compared to RBD patients with DNH present (specific uptake ratios 1.89 vs. 2.33, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). The mean quantified DNH signal intensity declined in a stepwise pattern, with RBD patients having lower intensity than controls (0.837 vs. 0.877, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01) but higher than PD patients (0.837 vs. 0.765, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over one quarter of RBD patients have abnormal substantia nigra SWI reminiscent of Parkinson\u2019s, which is associated with a greater dopaminergic deficit. This modality may help enrich neuroprotective trials with early converters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T05:09:10Z","timestamp":1575954550000},"page":"26-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Nigrosome 1 imaging in REM sleep behavior disorder and its association with dopaminergic decline"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4850-9677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Barber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Parkinson\u2019s Disease Centre Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Griffanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Parkinson\u2019s Disease Centre Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Churchill Hospital Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"McGowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Physics &amp; Protection Department Churchill Hospital Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5671-3881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Parkinson\u2019s Disease Centre Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare E.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Parkinson\u2019s Disease Centre Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele T.","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Parkinson\u2019s Disease Centre Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes C.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Parkinson\u2019s Disease Centre Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Oxford Oxford United 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