{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:33:56Z","timestamp":1789450436837,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015661","name":"UCB Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infantile spasm syndrome (ISS) is an epileptic encephalopathy without established treatment after the failure to standard of care based on steroids and vigabatrin. Converging lines of evidence indicating a role of NR2B subunits of the N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate (NMDA) receptor on the onset of spams in ISS patients, prompted us to test radiprodil, a negative allosteric NR2B modulator in preclinical seizure models and in infants with ISS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiprodil has been tested in three models, including pentylenetetrazole\u2010induced seizures in rats across different postnatal (PN) ages. Three infants with ISS have been included in a phase 1b escalating repeated dose study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiprodil showed the largest protective seizure effects in juvenile rats (maximum at PN12, corresponding to late infancy in humans). Three infants resistant to a combination of vigabatrin and prednisolone received individually titrated doses of radiprodil for up to 34\u00a0days. Radiprodil was safe and well tolerated in all three infants, and showed the expected pharmacokinetic profile. One infant became spasm\u2010free and two showed clinical improvement without reaching spasm\u2010freedom. After radiprodil withdrawal, the one infant continued to be spasm\u2010free, while the two others experienced seizure worsening requiring the use of the ketogenic diet and other antiepileptic drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiprodil showed prominent anti\u2010seizure effect in juvenile animals, consistent with the prevalent expression of NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor at this age in both rodents and humans. The clinical testing, although preliminary, showed that radiprodil is associated with a good safety and pharmacokinetic profile, and with the potential to control epileptic spasms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T17:28:45Z","timestamp":1582824525000},"page":"343-352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Radiprodil, a NR2B negative allosteric modulator, from bench to bedside in infantile spasm syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3874-9749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Auvin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie P\u00e9diatrique H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris INSERM U1141 F\u201075019 Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2857-1767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blandine","family":"Dozi\u00e8res\u2010Puyravel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie P\u00e9diatrique H\u00f4pital Robert Debr\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris INSERM U1141 F\u201075019 Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreja","family":"Avbersek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Braine\u2010L\u2019Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Sciberras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Braine\u2010L\u2019Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Collier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Braine\u2010L\u2019Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Leclercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Braine\u2010L\u2019Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Mares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology The Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7682-0852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafal M.","family":"Kaminski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Braine\u2010L\u2019Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3973-8606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierandrea","family":"Muglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCB Pharma Braine\u2010L\u2019Alleud Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.02404.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1984.tb04195.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00250-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2019.106181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02695.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Treatment and long term outcome in West syndrome: the clinical reality. 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