{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:50:50Z","timestamp":1792792250100,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB 936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB 936"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysphagia is a frequent and highly relevant symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) due to high associated morbidity and mortality. To compare the effect of simultaneous stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and substantia nigra (SNr) with conventional STN\u2010stimulation on swallowing function in Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this controlled, randomized, double\u2010blind, cross\u2010over clinical trial, 15 PD patients were assessed with DBS switched off (STIM OFF), STN\u2010DBS, STN\u00a0+\u00a0SNr\u2010DBS. Patients and 32 age\u2010matched healthy controls were examined clinically and by flexible\u2010endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) to evaluate the swallowing function. The primary endpoint was the assessment of residues, secondary endpoints were penetration\/aspiration, leakage, retained pharyngeal secretions, drooling, and assessments of the patient\u2019s self\u2010perception of swallowing on a visual analog scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with healthy controls PD patients showed significantly more pharyngeal residues in STIM OFF and both DBS modes. Residues or aspiration events were found in 80% of the patients under STN\u2010stimulation. Simultaneous STN\u00a0+\u00a0SNr\u2010stimulation had no additional positive effect on objective dysphagia and self\u2010reported swallowing function compared to STN\u2010DBS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Simultaneous STN\u00a0+\u00a0SNr\u2010stimulation seems to have no additional beneficial effects on dysphagia when compared with conventional STN\u2010stimulation, but did not deteriorate the swallowing function. If STN\u00a0+\u00a0SNr\u2010stimulation is planned to be applied for the improvement of axial symptoms and gait disorders in PD patients, it can be considered safe in terms of dysphagia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T10:54:39Z","timestamp":1586343279000},"page":"628-638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Impact of simultaneous subthalamic and nigral stimulation on dysphagia in Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-431X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Pflug","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Voice, Speech and Hearing Disorders Center for Clinical Neurosciences University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie C.","family":"Nienstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Voice, Speech and Hearing Disorders Center for Clinical Neurosciences University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Gulberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Voice, Speech and Hearing Disorders Center for Clinical Neurosciences University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eik","family":"Vettorazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana\u2010Christiane","family":"Koseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Voice, Speech and Hearing Disorders Center for Clinical Neurosciences University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almut","family":"Niessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Voice, Speech and Hearing Disorders Center for Clinical Neurosciences University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Till","family":"Fl\u00fcgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Voice, Speech and Hearing Disorders Center for Clinical Neurosciences University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ute","family":"Hidding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Buhmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Neurology Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Hertie\u2010Institute for Clinical Brain Research T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gerloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Hamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 20246 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian K. 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