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Here, we evaluated several modifiable factors and their association with disease phenotype, genotype, and prognosis in a large study population including Finnish and Italian patients with FTD and control groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this case\u2013control study, we compared the presence of several cardiovascular and other lifestyle\u2010related diseases and education between Finnish and Italian patients with familial (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009376) and sporadic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009654) FTD, between different phenotypes of FTD, and between a subgroup of Finnish FTD patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009221) and matched Finnish patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009214) and cognitively healthy controls (HC) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009100).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with sporadic FTD were less educated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042, B\u2009=\u2009\u20100.560, 95% CI \u22121.101 to \u22120.019) and had more heart diseases (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, OR\u2009=\u20092.265, 95% CI 1.502\u20133.417) compared to patients with familial FTD. Finnish FTD patients were less educated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032, B\u2009=\u20090.755, 95% CI 0.064\u20131.466) compared with AD patients. The Finnish FTD group showed lower prevalence of hypertension than the HC group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, OR\u2009=\u20092.162, 95% CI 1.304\u20133.583) and lower prevalence of hypercholesterolemia than in the HC group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, OR\u2009=\u20092.648, 95%CI 1.548\u20134.531) or in the AD group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, OR\u2009=\u20091.995, 95% CI 1.333\u20132.986). Within the FTD group, clinical phenotypes also differed regarding education and lifestyle\u2010related factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study suggests distinct profiles of several modifiable factors in the FTD group depending on the phenotype and familial inheritance history and that especially sporadic FTD may be associated with modifiable risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T17:10:00Z","timestamp":1656522600000},"page":"1195-1205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Modifiable potential risk factors in familial and sporadic frontotemporal dementia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Helmi","family":"Soppela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine \u2013 Neurology University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasper","family":"Katisko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine \u2013 Neurology University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Gadola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience \u2013 Neurology University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"MRC \u2013 Oulu University Hospital  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Hartikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro Center \u2013 Neurology Kuopio University Hospital  Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Alberici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit ASST Spedali Civili Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8703-6940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Benussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"},{"name":"Neurology Unit ASST Spedali Civili Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Koivisto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine \u2013 Neurology University of Eastern Finland  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Neuro Center \u2013 Neurology Kuopio University Hospital  Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Neuro Center, Neurology Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0959-2957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annakaisa","family":"Haapasalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.I. 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