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All participants continuously wore an accelerometer sensor for 7 consecutive days every 3\u2009months and received annual <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010Pittsburgh compound\u2010B and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET). Sleep and physical activity parameters were assessed using accelerometer sensor data and\u00a0PET imaging was quantified using a standardized uptake\u2010value ratio. Fifty\u2010seven participants (48.3%) completed a lifestyle factor assessment and PET imaging over the 3\u2010year period. A linear mixed\u2010effects model was applied to examine the longitudinal association of sleep and physical activity parameters with PET imaging over the 3\u2010year period, controlling for potential confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sleep efficiency was inversely associated with amyloid uptake in the frontal lobe. Although sleep duration was positively associated with global amyloid uptake, particularly in the frontal lobe, their impact was extremely small. However, physical activity parameters were not significantly associated with the <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010Pittsburgh compound\u2010B\u2010uptake. Furthermore, sleep and physical activity parameters were not significantly associated with cortical glucose metabolism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower sleep efficiency could be an early symptom of greater brain amyloid burden at the mild cognitive impairment stage. Therefore, the assessment of sleep may be useful for identifying individuals at higher risk for brain amyloid burden. Future longer term observational studies are required to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T07:18:26Z","timestamp":1696058306000},"page":"2266-2275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Objective sleep was longitudinally associated with brain amyloid burden in mild cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7137-7268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Kimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Oita University  Oita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuuki","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Oita University  Oita 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