{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T06:09:07Z","timestamp":1787810947392,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,3]],"date-time":"2024-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009564","name":"Health and Family Planning Commission of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YJ0380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YJ0380"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016809","name":"Bureau of Science and Technology Nanchong Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20SXZRKX0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20SXZRKX0011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abnormalities in the gray matter structure of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) have been observed throughout the brain. However, whether cortico\u2010cortical connections exist between regions of gray matter atrophy in patients with CSVD has not been fully elucidated. This question was tested by comparing the gray matter covariance networks in CSVD patients with and without cognitive impairment (CI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed multivariate modeling of the gray matter volume measurements of 61 patients with CI (CSVD\u2010CI), 85 patients without CI (CSVD\u2010NC), and 108 healthy controls using source\u2010based morphological analysis (SBM) to obtain gray matter structural covariance networks at the population level. Then, correlations between structural covariance networks and cognitive functions were analyzed in CSVD patients. Finally, a support vector machine (SVM) classifier was used with the gray matter covariance network as a classification feature to identify CI among the CSVD population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the analysis of all the subjects showed that compared with healthy controls, the expression of the thalamic covariance network, cerebellum covariance network, and calcarine cortex covariance network was reduced in patients with CSVD. Moreover, CSVD\u2010CI patients showed a significant reduction in the expression of the thalamic covariance network, encompassing the thalamus and the parahippocampal gyrus, relative to CSVD\u2010NC patients, which persisted after excluding CSVD patients with thalamic lacunes. In patients with CSVD, cognitive functions were positively correlated with measures of the thalamic covariance network. More than 80% of CSVD patients with CI were correctly identified by the SVM classifier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings provide new evidence to explain the distribution state of gray matter reduction in CSVD patients, and the thalamic covariance network is the core region for early gray matter reduction during the development of CSVD disease, which is related to cognitive deficits. Reduced expression of thalamic covariance networks may provide a neuroimaging biomarker for the early identification of cognitive impairment in CSVD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T06:51:57Z","timestamp":1709535117000},"page":"1148-1159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The thalamic covariance network is associated with cognitive deficits in patients with cerebral small vascular disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Affilated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College  NanChong 637000 Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Affilated Hospital of 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