{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:24:58Z","timestamp":1791915898538,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012351","name":"Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012351","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Passively collected smartphone sensor data provide an opportunity to study physical activity and mobility unobtrusively over long periods of time and may enable disease monitoring in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (PALS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 63 PALS who used Beiwe mobile application that collected their smartphone accelerometer and GPS data and administered the self\u2010entry ALS Functional Rating Scale\u2010Revised (ALSFRS\u2010RSE) survey. We identified individual steps from accelerometer data and used the Activity Index to summarize activity at the minute level. Walking, Activity Index, and GPS outcomes were then aggregated into day\u2010level measures. We used linear mixed effect models (LMMs) to estimate baseline and monthly change for ALSFRS\u2010RSE scores (total score, subscores Q1\u20133, Q4\u20136, Q7\u20139, Q10\u201312) and smartphone sensor data measures, as well as the associations between them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analytic sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200945) was 64.4% male with a mean age of 60.1\u2009years. The mean observation period was 292.3\u2009days. The ALSFRS\u2010RSE total score baseline mean was 35.8 and had a monthly rate of decline of \u22120.48 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;0.001). We observed statistically significant change over time and association with ALSFRS\u2010RSE total score for four smartphone sensor data\u2010derived measures: walking cadence from top 1\u2009min and log\u2010transformed step count, step count from top 1\u2009min, and Activity Index from top 1\u2009min.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smartphone sensors can unobtrusively track physical changes in PALS, potentially aiding disease monitoring and future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T04:46:02Z","timestamp":1717130762000},"page":"1380-1392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Tracking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease progression using passively collected smartphone sensor data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5889-3970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Karas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University  677 Huntington Ave. Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University  677 Huntington Ave. Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Straczkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University  677 Huntington Ave. Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  13400 E. Shea Blvd. Scottsdale Arizona 85259 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Clinical Research Institute and Sean M. Healey &amp; AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital  15 Parkman St #835 Boston Massachusetts 02114 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Holdings America, Inc.  525 Washington Blvd. Jersey City New Jersey 07310 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Lahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Holdings America, Inc.  525 Washington Blvd. Jersey City New Jersey 07310 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoe A.","family":"Scheier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Clinical Research Institute and Sean M. Healey &amp; AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital  15 Parkman St #835 Boston Massachusetts 02114 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison P.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Clinical Research Institute and Sean M. Healey &amp; AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital  15 Parkman St #835 Boston Massachusetts 02114 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amrita S.","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Clinical Research Institute and Sean M. 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