{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:11:31Z","timestamp":1791598291090,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22JCYBJC00700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22JCYBJC00700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are rare inflammatory astrocytic diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The roles of immune response gene\u20101 (IRG1) and the IRG1\u2013itaconic acid\u2013NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in the pathogenesis of NMOSD and the effects of 4\u2010octyl itaconate (4\u2010OI) on the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in NMOSD are unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of IRG1 and the activation status of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in acute\u2010onset NMOSD and to investigate the inhibitory effects of 4\u2010OI on NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the IRG1\u2013itaconic acid\u2013NLRP3 pathway in monocytes and macrophages by using in vitro models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum were collected from patients with acute NMOSDs and healthy controls (HC), followed by monocyte typing and detection of the expression of NLRP3\u2010related inflammatory factors. Subsequently, the effects of 4\u2010OI on the IRG1\u2013itaconic acid\u2013NLRP3 pathway were investigated in peripheral monocytes from patients with NMOSD and in macrophages induced by human myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells (THP\u20101 cells) via in vitro experiments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with acute NMOSD exhibited upregulated IRG1 expression. In particular, the upregulation of the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and proinflammatory factors was notable in monocytes in acute NMOSD patients. 4\u2010OI inhibited the activation of the IRG1\u2013itaconic acid\u2013NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in the PBMCs of patients with NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>4\u2010OI could effectively inhibit NLRP3 signaling, leading to the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production in patients with NMOSD\u2010derived PBMCs and in a human macrophage model. Thus, 4\u2010OI and itaconate could have important therapeutic value for the treatment of NMOSD in the future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T06:09:17Z","timestamp":1715580557000},"page":"1732-1749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<scp>4\u2010Octyl<\/scp>\n                    itaconate inhibits inflammation via the\n                    <scp>NLRP3<\/scp>\n                    pathway in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Institute of Neuroimmunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital  Tianjin 300052 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