{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T05:53:32Z","timestamp":1750830812894,"version":"3.30.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ricerca Corrente 2022\u20102024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ricerca Corrente 2022\u20102024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medial intracranial carotid artery calcifications (ICAC) are associated with impaired vascular physiology, increased arterial stiffness and pulse pressure. Their presence might therefore be associated with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion, according to the avalanche model. We explored the association between ICAC presence and pattern and hematoma expansion (HE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis of a monocentric, prospectively collected cohort of ICH patients admitted between June 2017 and October 2023. ICAC pattern was determined by Kockelkoren's rating scale on admission CT; medial ICAC were defined with a &gt;6 points cutoff. A follow\u2010up CT scan was performed within 72\u2009h. HE was analyzed as a dichotomous (\u22656\u2009mL and\/or \u226533%) and as a categorical (none\/mild\/moderate\/severe) variable, and its predictors were explored with logistic and ordinal regression respectively, accounting for baseline volume, onset\u2010to\u2010CT time, and anticoagulation. All the analyses were stratified by ICH location (supratentorial deep vs lobar ICH).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 201 patients were included (median age 78, 42% females, 59% deep ICH). Medial ICAC were significantly more common in deep ICH with HE compared with non\u2010expanders (72% vs 49%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), whereas there was no association between ICAC and HE in lobar ICH (53% vs 52%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.85). This association between medial ICAC and HE in deep ICH remained significant in logistic (aOR 3.11, 95% CI [1.19\u20139.06], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and ordinal regression (acOR 2.42, 95% CI [1.19\u20134.99], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ipsilateral medial ICAC are associated with higher odds of HE in deep ICH. Our findings are best interpreted as hypothesis generating, requiring prospective validation and further research to characterize the underlying biological mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.52240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T07:35:38Z","timestamp":1730792138000},"page":"3246-3254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Medial intracranial carotid artery calcifications and hematoma expansion in deep intracerebral hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2224-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Mazzacane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Department of Stroke Unit and Emergency Neurology IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia 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