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However, in contrast to autoimmune encephalitis associated with dysregulated adaptive immunity in the brain, the question of whether innate immunity\u2010mediated autoinflammatory diseases exist in the brain has drawn much attention. Herein, we report a patient with microglia\u2010dominant acute autoinflammatory encephalitis successfully treated with anakinra, an including interleukin\u20101 receptor blocker. In comparison to systemic autoinflammatory disease, we term this encephalitis cerebral autoinflammatory disease. Cerebral autoinflammatory disease could suggest new conceptual approaches to patients previously diagnosed with an unspecified encephalitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,6]],"date-time":"2018-10-06T02:46:03Z","timestamp":1538793963000},"page":"1428-1433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Cerebral autoinflammatory disease treated with anakinra"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Yoonhyuk","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung Ah","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South 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