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Remote ischemic conditioning (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), an easy\u2010to\u2010use and noninvasive therapy, can be performed in various clinical scenarios (e.g., prehospital transportation, intrahospital, and at home), and it has been widely investigated for stroke management.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    has been demonstrated to be well tolerated in patients with acute ischemic stroke and aneurysm subarachnoid hemorrhage, and it may benefit these patients by improving clinical outcomes; in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis, long\u2010term repeated\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    could be safely performed and benefit patients by reducing recurrent ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack, as well as improving cerebral perfusion status; long\u2010term repeated\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    may also benefit patients with cerebral small vessel disease by slowing cognitive decline and reducing volume of white matter hyperintensities on brain\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ; in patients with severe carotid atherosclerotic stenosis undergoing stenting, preprocedural\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    could reduce the odds of new brain lesions on postprocedural\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Previous clinical studies suggest broad future prospects of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in the field of cerebrovascular diseases. However, the optimal\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    protocol and the mechanisms that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    protects the brain is not fully clear, and there is lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , all these dilemmas prevent\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    from entering clinical practice. This review focuses on recent advances in clinical studies of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in stroke management, its challenges, and the potential directions of future studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]],"date-time":"2018-11-15T09:03:38Z","timestamp":1542272618000},"page":"186-196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Remote ischemic conditioning for stroke: clinical data, challenges, and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 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