{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:18:11Z","timestamp":1787242691187,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004488","name":"Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HRZZ\u2010IP\u20102022\u201010\u20106203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HRZZ\u2010IP\u20102022\u201010\u20106203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004488","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Considering the characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease and its impact on motor disability, this study aims to assess the functional integrity of the corticospinal tract by examining motor evoked potentials (MEPs), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion counts, and psychological and physical status reported by patients with relapsing\u2013remitting MS (RRMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 23 RRMS subjects (17 in the follow\u2010up), the corticospinal tract for upper and lower extremity muscles was longitudinally studied over 2\u2009years using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) and MEP scoring. MRI parameters included lesion detection by applying McDonald's criteria and additional lesion detection of the corticospinal tract. EDSS scoring included evaluation of the EDSS general score, EDSS functional pyramidal score, and EDSS functional pyramidal score for each extremity. Longitudinal analyses of nTMS (MEP), EDSS, and MRI parameters were conducted using linear mixed models with time, sex, age, and disease duration as fixed effects and individual\u2010specific random intercepts. The correspondence of MRI and nTMS scoring with the EDSS pyramidal scoring was tested using McNemar's or Fisher's exact test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      RRMS patients with altered MEP latency had significantly higher general EDSS scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22122.06,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006) and overall pyramid EDSS scores (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22121.96,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) compared to those with non\u2010altered MEP latency. This difference was also observed in lower extremity pyramid EDSS scores, with higher scores in the right (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22121.70,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and left leg (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22121.50,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032) in the altered MEP latency group. RRMS patients with altered MEP latency had significantly more lesions in the corpus callosum (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.38,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) compared to subjects with non\u2010altered MEP latency findings. The correspondence of MRI and nTMS (MEP latency) with EDSS scoring was confirmed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RRMS subjects with altered MEP latency findings (prolonged MEP latency or absent MEP response) compared to subjects with non\u2010altered MEP latency findings, had higher EDSS scores in lower extremity muscles as well as a higher number of lesions in the corpus callosum. This is the first longitudinal nTMS study to perform four\u2010limb cortical mapping of corticospinal tract integrity in RRMS. The study opens perspectives for the nTMS as an objective method for longitudinally assessing MS motor disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04604041<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T07:22:03Z","timestamp":1746775323000},"page":"1240-1255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Correspondence of\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>nTMS<\/scp>\n                    With\n                    <scp>EDSS<\/scp>\n                    in Multiple Sclerosis: Longitudinal Follow\u2010Up Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Antonia","family":"Brali\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology University Hospital of Split  Split Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanda","family":"Pavelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital of Split  Split Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolina","family":"Plei\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine University of Split  Split Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u0161ko","family":"\u0160oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Signal Processing, Analysis, Advanced Diagnostics Research and Education Laboratory (SPAADREL), Faculty of Maritime Studies, Department for Marine Electrical Engineering and 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