{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T20:08:20Z","timestamp":1793909300634,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000266044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000266044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102025\u201000519112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102025\u201000519112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cryptogenic new\u2010onset refractory status epilepticus (cNORSE) is a devastating condition characterized by the de novo onset of status epilepticus with unclear etiology. The identification of relevant early biomarkers in cNORSE is important to elucidate pathophysiology, aid clinical decision\u2010making, and prognosticate outcomes in cNORSE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CSF samples were obtained within 7\u2009days of NORSE onset from an adult cNORSE cohort in a national referral center in South Korea. Nineteen patients with cNORSE were studied: 9 were male (47.4%) and the median age was 35.0 [IQR: 27.0\u201354.3] years. CSF from 21 patients with other neurological diseases (atypical parkinsonism, postural orthostatic hypotension syndrome, epilepsy, and cerebellar ataxia) was used as controls. Proteomic analysis was conducted using the Olink platform, and potential biomarker candidates were correlated with clinical data and MRI findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on correlation analyses between proteomic data and clinical outcomes, total tau (t\u2010tau) was selected as a potential biomarker. Patients with cNORSE had higher CSF t\u2010tau levels than controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Early detection of high CSF t\u2010tau was associated with the presence of hippocampal atrophy in the postacute phase of cNORSE (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.044). The initial elevation of t\u2010tau levels also correlated with a higher number of anti\u2010seizure medications used (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031) and less improvement in Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE) scores 1\u2009month after NORSE onset (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.066). T\u2010tau levels were correlated with CSF pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines\/chemokines and mediators of neuronal damage.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated CSF t\u2010tau levels detected early after cNORSE onset may be a useful marker of initial brain injury and predict subsequent hippocampal atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T20:29:07Z","timestamp":1743539347000},"page":"1054-1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>CSF<\/scp>\n                    Tau Is a Biomarker of Hippocampal Injury in Cryptogenic New\u2010Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yihui","family":"Goh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Division of Neurology Department of Medicine, National University Health System  Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonhyuk","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"The National Strategic Technology Research Institute  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Jean","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Hyun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Yee","family":"Mon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon Hee","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5863-0302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kon","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1908-0699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Kun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4767-7564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soon\u2010Tae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South 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