{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T07:05:50Z","timestamp":1781766350819,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR\u20102021\u201012374579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR\u20102021\u201012374579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF\u20102019\u201012370334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF\u20102019\u201012370334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated myostatin levels in SMA patients receiving disease\u2010modifying therapies (DMTs) to understand their relationship with treatment duration and functional status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study includes both cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal analyses of myostatin levels in treated SMA patients. The longitudinal cohort included 46 treatment\u2010naive patients assessed at baseline and 12\u2009months post\u2010treatment. Myostatin levels were measured using ELISA. Age\u2010matched controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200989) were included for comparison. The cross\u2010sectional study included 128 patients with variable durations of treatment (from 0.4 to 7.2\u2009years). In both cohorts, myostatin levels were correlated with SMA type, functional status, and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline myostatin levels were significantly lower than controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), except during the neonatal period in presymptomatic patients. After 12\u2009months of treatment, there were no significant changes compared to baseline levels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.1652). The only substantial changes were observed in presymptomatic neonates, who showed a reduction of myostatin despite treatment intervention. There was a significant correlation between myostatin levels, functional status, and SMA type both in the cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates lower myostatin levels in SMA patients compared to controls. The association between myostatin levels, functional status, and SMA type suggests its possible role as a disease severity biomarker. The utility of myostatin as a biomarker for DMT response remains controversial; while we observed no significant increase in myostatin levels following treatment, we also did not observe the progressive reduction previously reported in untreated patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T20:59:12Z","timestamp":1747256352000},"page":"1368-1377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Myostatin Levels in <scp>SMA<\/scp> Following Disease\u2010Modifying Treatments: A Multi\u2010Center Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Fiorella","family":"Piemonte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Petrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit Catholic University  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Centro Clinico Nemo, U.O.C. Neuropsichiatria Infantile Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Coratti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit Catholic University  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Centro Clinico Nemo, U.O.C. Neuropsichiatria Infantile Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2438-2624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adele","family":"D'Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Catteruccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6777-1721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carmela","family":"Pera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology Unit Catholic University  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Centro Clinico Nemo, U.O.C. 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