{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:36:13Z","timestamp":1789673773998,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection on brain and spinal cord pathology in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) remains unclear. We aimed to describe changes in brain lesion activity and brain and spinal cord volumes following SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 177 pwMS (570 MRI scans) diagnosed with and tested positive for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection between August 2020 and May 2021. All patients were free of clinical disease activity, disease\u2010modifying therapy changes, and corticosteroids during the study. MRI scans were performed using a standardized protocol on a 3\u2010Tesla scanner. We analyzed the effect of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 on brain lesion load accrual and brain and spinal cord volume measures using adjusted mixed\u2010effect models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, patients had a median disease duration of 14.2\u2009years, a median age of 44.9\u2009years, and a median Expanded Disability Status Scale of 2.0. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection did not lead to any changes in the number or volume of T1 or T2 lesions in the brain. However, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 was associated with an increased whole brain (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.17; SE\u2009=\u20090.08; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028), grey matter (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.25; SE\u2009=\u20090.12; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.040), and cortical grey matter volume loss (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.32; SE\u2009=\u20090.13; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014). Greater ventricular enlargement following SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection was evident only in individuals over the age of 40 (interaction of age vs. ventricular enlargement: <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.17; SE\u2009=\u20090.05; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0003). Only patients with more severe SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection showed a reduction in mean upper cervical cord area (MUCCA) (<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.14; SE\u2009=\u20090.52; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in clinically stable pwMS was linked to increased neuronal tissue loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T02:29:37Z","timestamp":1748572177000},"page":"1548-1555","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>SARS<\/scp>\u2010<scp>CoV<\/scp>\u20102 Is Linked to Brain Volume Loss in Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3160-9022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Uher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital  Prague Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominika","family":"Stastna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital  Prague Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Menkyova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital  Prague Czechia"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Slovak Medical University  Bratislava Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaclav","family":"Capek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital  Prague Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital  Prague Czechia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Nytrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital  Prague 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