{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:05:17Z","timestamp":1773155117816,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006924","name":"International OCD Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AP1193648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP1193648"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002337","name":"Petre Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022099","name":"Cerebral Palsy Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022099","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The pathogenesis of Sydenham chorea remains unclear. We report a 10\u2010year\u2010old girl presenting with subacute chorea and mild carditis following Streptococcal throat infection. Single\u2010cell RNA sequencing on 30,794 peripheral immune cells from the patient and two sex\u2010matched controls revealed nine immune cell clusters. We found up\u2010regulated antigen processing pathways in B cells, monocytes, and eosinophils, enriched by\n                    <jats:italic>HLA<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes, particularly\n                    <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DRB5<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>HLA\u2010DQB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and immunoglobulin (\n                    <jats:italic>IGH<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) genes in B cells. Up\u2010regulated proteasomal pathways in plasma cells were enriched by\n                    <jats:italic>PSM<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes. These insights support the B cell\u2010mediated autoantibody hypothesis in Sydenham chorea. We highlight the potential of scRNA\u2010seq in rare diseases to inform targeted therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T04:40:55Z","timestamp":1756269655000},"page":"2367-2371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Single\u2010Cell\n                    <scp>RNA<\/scp>\n                    Seq in Sydenham Chorea Shows B Cell\n                    <i>HLA\u2010DR\/DQ<\/i>\n                    Upregulation and Plasma Cell Proteasomal Activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Velda X.","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Khoo Teck Puat\u2010National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brooke A.","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Gloss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Research Hub, Westmead Institute for Medical Research  Westmead New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7845-8933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianzhong","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Genome Research Facility Ltd  Melbourne Victoria 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