{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T06:03:12Z","timestamp":1769061792179,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive decline can occur following ischaemic stroke. How cognition changes over time and associations with cognitive change are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore these issues over 2\u2009years following ischaemic stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This analysis used data from the XILO\u2010FIST study, a clinical trial of allopurinol versus placebo in people with ischaemic stroke according to Tissue\u2010Based Definition. Participants underwent clinical assessment, brain MRI at baseline, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at baseline, year 1 and year 2. We defined cognitive impairment as a MoCA score &lt;\u200926 and cognitive change as a difference in MoCA score of 2 points or more at year 1 or year 2 after randomisation. Associations with cognitive impairment and cognitive change were assessed by univariable analysis and multiple logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred and sixty participants with complete MoCA data were included. Mean age was 65.4 (SD 8.36) years, and mean baseline MoCA score was 26.4 (SD 2.7). Seventy\u2010seven participants had second\u2010year cognitive improvement. Eighty\u2010four had second\u2010year cognitive decline. After adjustment for age and education year, second\u2010year cognitive improvement was associated with smaller brain volume, lower albumin level, smoking and greater white\u2010matter hyperintensity, and second\u2010year cognitive decline was associated with peripheral arterial disease, higher cholesterol level, small\u2010vessel stroke and greater white\u2010matter hyperintensity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognition is dynamic following stroke, with different patterns of change. Brain reserve and vascular risk factors relate to later post\u2010stroke cognitive change. This complex nature of cognitive trajectory has implications for cognitive rehabilitation provision and cognitive impairment detection after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T08:05:09Z","timestamp":1758528309000},"page":"14-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Change in Cognition Following Ischaemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2573-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenci","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University  Harbin China"},{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terence","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"McConnachie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niall","family":"Broomfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Dickie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Forbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Institute of Neurological Sciences Queen Elizabeth University Hospital  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary &amp; Life Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30442-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.006443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000189626.71033.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.192218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987318771426"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.101863"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"S31","article-title":"The STROBE Guidelines","volume":"13","author":"Cuschieri S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Anesthesia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(93)90041-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-011-9109-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.906424"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","article-title":"Montreal Cognitive Assessment for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias","volume":"10","author":"Davis D. 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