{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:04:06Z","timestamp":1792019046050,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T\u2010cell therapy has been investigated in neurological diseases, encompassing both central nervous system malignancies and autoimmune disorders, thereby extending its application beyond hematological cancers. This scoping review evaluates CAR T\u2010cell therapy applications in neurological conditions, assessing therapeutic efficacy, safety profiles, and neurotoxicity management strategies. A literature search across four databases (January 2020\u2013December 2025) identified 33 studies meeting the inclusion criteria, encompassing original and secondary research from international centers. CAR T\u2010cell therapy demonstrated promising efficacy across diverse neurological conditions. In glioblastoma trials, 44% of patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009128) achieved partial or complete clinical\/radiographic responses with favorable safety profiles. Moreover, compelling results emerged from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder studies, in which 92% of patients (11\/12) achieved sustained relapse\u2010free remission over a median follow\u2010up of 5.5\u2009months. Multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and stiff\u2010person syndrome cases exhibited excellent treatment tolerance without significant immune effector cell\u2010associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), which is a major concern affecting 27% of patients with hematological malignancies. Overall, CAR T\u2010cell therapy emerges as a novel therapeutic strategy in neurology, encompassing both oncological and autoimmune conditions. Toxicity profiles in neurological CAR T\u2010cell applications differ substantially from those observed in hematologic malignancies, underscoring the need for condition\u2010specific risk assessment frameworks and customized management approaches. Future research should prioritize larger multicenter trials with extended follow\u2010up to establish definitive efficacy and safety profiles in neurological indications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:24:45Z","timestamp":1777350285000},"page":"1310-1319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>CAR<\/scp>\n                    T\u2010Cell Therapy in Neurology: A Scoping Review of Neuro\u2010Oncology, Autoimmune Diseases &amp; Neurotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9760-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Alqaisi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department Al\u2010Zaytoonah University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7324-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Dibas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences An\u2010Najah National University  Nablus Palestine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7700-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0073-1313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ala","family":"Dibas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5730-0088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osama","family":"Souied","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8345-0140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suhair","family":"Al\u2010Ghabeesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department Al\u2010Zaytoonah University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3005930"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12091303"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Living Medicines Engineered to Fight: A Comprehensive Review on CAR T\u2010Cell Therapy","volume":"19","author":"Vinoo S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Hematology\u2010Oncology and Stem Cell Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12212581"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2022.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1392831"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-024-01139-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2024.2364832"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25131"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01278-3"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","first-page":"550","article-title":"CD19\u2010Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Two Patients With Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Fischbach F.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicus"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2403227121"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-2871"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4064"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","article-title":"Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)\u2010T\u2010Cell Therapy for Glioblastoma: What Can We Learn From the Early Clinical Trials? 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