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Cognitive disability was defined as serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions due to a physical, mental, or emotional condition. We compared younger adults with versus without cognitive disability across sociodemographic, socioeconomic, health, and mental health characteristics. Analyses incorporated survey weighting to yield U.S. nationally representative estimates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cognitive disability prevalence increased from 5.1% in 2013 to 9.8% in 2024 (93% increase;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Including respondents with depression, prevalence increased from 10.0% to 17.8% (16.2 million individuals). Among younger adults with cognitive disability, employment increased (55.6% to 65.1%), lack of health insurance declined (35.7% to 19.7%), smoking decreased (28.7% to 14.1%), and physical inactivity decreased (26.9% to 22.3%). Point estimates for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, asthma, diabetes, and stroke prevalence were also lower. In contrast, frequent poor mental health (\u2265\u200914 days\/month) increased from 26.6% to 33.2%. In sensitivity analyses excluding depression and any poor mental health days, prevalence still increased from 2.8% to 5.2% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 2013\u20132024, self\u2010reported cognitive disability among younger United States adults nearly doubled despite improving socioeconomic and cardiometabolic indicators, highlighting a growing burden of perceived or functional cognitive difficulty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.70464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T04:19:21Z","timestamp":1783311561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors Associated With the Rising Trend in Self\u2010Reported Cognitive Disability Among U.S. Adults Aged 18\u201339 From 2013\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"de Havenon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Center for Brain and Mind Health Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9597-8105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ka\u2010Ho","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3066-4502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirriam","family":"Mananah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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