{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:08:48Z","timestamp":1790665728058,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3F0511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3F0511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to identify metabolites with altered levels of expression in patients with early and progressive stages of Alzheimer's disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All participants of the study underwent genetic screening and were diagnosed using both neuropsychological assessment and amyloid imaging before metabolome analysis. According to these assessments, the patients were classified as normal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015), with mild cognitive impairment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010), and with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using a targeted metabolomic approach, we found that plasma levels of C3, C5, and C5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content> acylcarnitines, arginine, phenylalanine, creatinine, symmetric dimethylarginine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDMA<\/jats:styled-content>) and phosphatidylcholine ae C38:2 were significantly altered in patients with early and progressive stages of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>. We created a predictive model based on the decision tree that included three main parameters: age, arginine and C5 plasma concentrations. The model distinguished <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> patients from other participants with 60% sensitivity and 86.7% specificity. For healthy controls, the sensitivity was 85.7% and specificity was 61.5%. Multivariate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content> analysis to develop a decision tree showed that our model reached moderate diagnostic power in differentiating between older adults who are cognitively normal (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.77) and those with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUC<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.72).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>The plasma levels of arginine and valeryl carnitine, together with subject age, are promising as biomarkers for the diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> in older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T08:17:12Z","timestamp":1551255432000},"page":"537-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["A metabolomic approach to identifying biomarkers in blood of Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chia\u2010Ni","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin\u2010Chang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine 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