{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:08:46Z","timestamp":1790312926386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,3]],"date-time":"2019-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Taipei Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["108\u2010wf\u2010eva\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["108\u2010wf\u2010eva\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Taipei Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["104\u2010WF\u2010IIT\u201005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104\u2010WF\u2010IIT\u201005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Clin Transl Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied the risk of dementia in patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content>) using a nationwide, population\u2010based cohort in Taiwan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study analyzed the medical data of the Taiwanese population from 2000 to 2014. We identified 17,072 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> and 68,270 controls. Dementia risk was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model stratified by sex, age, and comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A higher incidence of dementia development in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> group during the observation period (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0001). In multivariate analysis adjusted by age groups, gender, and the comorbidities, the adjusted hazard ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content>) of developing dementia was 1.246 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.123\u20131.384) times greater in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> group than in the non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> group. When stratified by sex, age, and comorbidities, the patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> less than 60\u00a0years (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.67, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.16\u20132.41), and without any comorbidity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.27, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.76\u20132.93) were particularly associated with a higher risk of dementia. Furthermore, the patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> combined with any other comorbidity had an additionally higher risk of dementia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aHR<\/jats:styled-content>: 3.978, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 3.309\u20134.782), also suggesting that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pSS<\/jats:styled-content> was an independent risk factor for the development of dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary Sjogren's syndrome is associated with increased dementia risk and further study is needed to understand why and what the specific dementia phenotypes are.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T02:34:22Z","timestamp":1551666862000},"page":"633-641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Higher risk of dementia in primary Sjogren's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4152-556X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsung\u2010Yun","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology\/Immunology\/Allergy Department of Internal Medicine Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology\/Immunology\/Allergy Department of Internal Medicine Tri\u2010Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Ching","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology\/Immunology\/Allergy Department of Internal Medicine Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu\u2010Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Sheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei\u2010I","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Center College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Ching","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Center College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Data Science College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei 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