{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T12:39:42Z","timestamp":1780922382099,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,30]],"date-time":"2011-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the rate of common comorbidities and cardiovascular disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared with the general population seeking health care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cohort study included 935 subjects (67% men) ages \u226520 years diagnosed with AS and the adult background population in Southern Sweden. During 2004 to 2007 we recorded the occurrence of physicians' diagnostic codes for a select number of comorbidities commonly associated with AS and cardiovascular disease and risk factors. We obtained standardized morbidity\u2010rate ratios (SMRs) by dividing the observed morbidity rate in AS patients by the expected rate based on the corresponding rate of the disease in the general population of the county seeking health care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The highest SMRs were found for uveitis (34.35, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 28.55\u201340.98) and inflammatory bowel disease (9.28, 95% CI 7.07\u201311.97). Also, we found increased SMRs for ischemic heart diseases (2.20, 95% CI 1.77\u20132.70), hypertension (1.98, 95% CI 1.72\u20132.28), and diabetes mellitus (1.41, 95% CI 1.10\u20131.78). Furthermore, the SMRs for psoriasis, osteoporosis, and atrioventricular blocks were also statistically significantly elevated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammatory diseases affecting the eye and the digestive system were the most notable comorbidities in AS patients, but the rate for cardiovascular disease was also high. Using comprehensive longitudinal population\u2010based register data is a promising tool to evaluate the excess consultation rate and total burden of rheumatic disease on patients and society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,30]],"date-time":"2010-11-30T15:37:55Z","timestamp":1291131475000},"page":"550-556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Population\u2010based estimates of common comorbidities and cardiovascular disease in ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Ann","family":"Bremander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingemar F.","family":"Petersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Englund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21577"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780220408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"496","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis in Finland","volume":"24","author":"Kaipiainen\u2010Seppanen O","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.019224"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"2475","article-title":"Identification of the most common problems by patients with ankylosing spondylitis using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health","volume":"33","author":"Van Echteld I","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.081015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar592"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"86","article-title":"Survival among patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a life\u2010table analysis","volume":"8","author":"Khan MA","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.3.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","volume-title":"EULAR compendium on rheumatic diseases","author":"Bijlsma J","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","first-page":"2167","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"33","author":"Han C","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.110593"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq127"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","volume-title":"Statistical methods in cancer research: the design and analysis of cohort studies","author":"Breslow N","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","first-page":"2105","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: loose ends and common threads","volume":"33","author":"Farragher TM","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24880"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","first-page":"S124","article-title":"Comparison of cardiovascular risk in ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"27","author":"McCarey D","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16894-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.116178"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24483"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2562"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.suppl_3.iii8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.075754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-009-1186-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","article-title":"Low bone mineral density is related to male gender and decreased functional capacity in early spondylarthropathies","author":"Van der Weijden MA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","article-title":"Prevalence of spondylarthropathies in Southern Sweden: results from a population\u2010based health care register study","author":"Haglund E","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; 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