{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:31:24Z","timestamp":1792539084824,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,28]],"date-time":"2012-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate lower extremity muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance, and physical impairment in women with the Ehlers\u2010Danlos syndrome hypermobility type (EDS\u2010HT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010three women with EDS\u2010HT and 43 sex\u2010 and age\u2010matched healthy control subjects participated. Muscle mass was determined by dual x\u2010ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength and muscle strength endurance were measured with isokinetic dynamometry at angular velocities of 60, 180, and 240\u00b0\/second. Static muscle endurance during posture maintenance was also assessed. Pain and fatigue were simultaneously evaluated by visual analog scale and the Borg scale, respectively. In addition, the chair rise test for assessment of functional performance and the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS) for physical impairment evaluation were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to control subjects, EDS\u2010HT patients showed substantial lower extremity muscle weakness, reflected by significantly reduced knee extensor and flexor muscle strength and endurance parameters, with differences ranging from \u221230% to \u221249%; reduced static muscle endurance time; and diminished functional performance. Lower extremity muscle mass was similar in both groups and unlikely to affect the muscle strength results. By contrast, pain and fatigue were omnipresent and increased remarkably due to the tests. Furthermore, the EDS\u2010HT group was physically impaired, especially in the AIMS domain walking and bending.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates severely reduced quantitative muscle function and impairment in physical function in patients with EDS\u2010HT compared to age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls. The muscle weakness may be due to muscle dysfunction rather than reduced muscle mass. Whether muscle strength and endurance can be improved by appropriate exercise programs needs evaluation in further studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,3]],"date-time":"2012-05-03T11:30:10Z","timestamp":1336044610000},"page":"1584-1592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance, and physical impairment in women with the hypermobility type of Ehlers\u2010Danlos syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Lies","family":"Rombaut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fransiska","family":"Malfait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"De Wandele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youri","family":"Taes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youri","family":"Thijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"De Paepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Calders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320420406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"351","volume-title":"Connective tissue and its heritable disorders: molecular, genetic and medical aspects","author":"Steinmann B","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.1999.0069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19980428)77:1<31::AID-AJMG8>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2007.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638280903514739"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2007.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2008.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/376564"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(99)00067-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670170067"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.18.3.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"The relationship of strength to function in the older adult","volume":"50","author":"Brown M","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Strength is a major factor in balance, gait, and the occurrence of falls","volume":"50","author":"Wolfson L","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/36.5.936"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1992.15.4.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","unstructured":"Biodex Medical Systems. 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