{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:18:39Z","timestamp":1793089119348,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe variability of pain intensity experienced by youths with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and examine factors related to within\u2010day patterns of pain and the relationship between magnitude of pain variability and quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain intensity was self\u2010reported on a visual analog scale (VAS; range 0\u2013100) by 112 youths with JIA ages 8\u201318 years using electronic diaries 3 times per day for 7 days. Average absolute change in pain (AAC) was computed as a measure of the magnitude of pain variability for each participant. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between demographic and disease characteristics and the probability of having high pain variability (AAC \u226510 VAS units). Linear regression was used to examine the relationship between quality of life (assessed by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) and AAC. The generalized estimating equations approach was used to examine the relationship between the time of day and pain intensity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean \u00b1 SD AAC was 15.6 \u00b1 10.5. The majority of youths (65%) had high AAC (\u226510 VAS units). Disease severity predicted high pain variability (\u03b2 = 0.02, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.044). Higher AAC predicted lower quality of life (adjusted R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.194, \u03b2 = \u22120.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). Within\u2010day patterns of pain intensity varied by JIA subtype and sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study characterized the pain intensity variability experienced by youths with JIA. Pain variability throughout the day was common, varied by JIA subtype and sex, and was related to quality of life. These findings have implications for future pain research, patient education, and development of clinical interventions for this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]],"date-time":"2012-11-21T10:36:49Z","timestamp":1353494209000},"page":"563-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Pain Intensity Variability and Its Relationship With Quality of Life in Youths With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Tupper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan M.","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Punam","family":"Pahwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Stinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22473"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-004-7710-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20952"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10863"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2006.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","volume-title":"Introducing biological rhythms","author":"Koukkari WL","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2004.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.12.1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"785","article-title":"Gender and age differences in pain, coping and health status among children with chronic arthritis","volume":"21","author":"Sallfors C","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200002)13:1<33::AID-ART6>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2010.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","unstructured":"Stinson JN Stevens BJ inventors.E\u2010Ouch electronic pain diary. 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