{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T01:19:37Z","timestamp":1769217577293,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fibromyalgia is a common chronic pain disorder with unclear etiology. No definitive treatment is available for fibromyalgia, and treatment with antidepressants or antiepileptics is often used for symptom management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using US health care utilization data, a large population\u2010based cohort study was conducted to describe clinical characteristics and medication use patterns in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia who newly started amitriptyline, duloxetine, gabapentin, or pregabalin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 13,404 amitriptyline starters, 18,420 duloxetine starters, 23,268 gabapentin starters, and 19,286 pregabalin starters. The mean age ranged from 48\u201351 years and 72\u201384% in each group were women. Back pain was the most frequent comorbidity in all 4 groups (range 48\u201364%) and hypertension, headache, depression, and sleep disorder were also common. The median daily dose at the start of followup was 25 mg for amitriptyline, 60 mg for duloxetine, 300 mg for gabapentin, and 75 mg for pregabalin, and &gt;60% of patients remained on the same dose throughout the followup period. Only one\u2010fifth of patients continued the treatment started for \u22651 year. The mean number of different prescription drugs at baseline ranged from 8\u201310 across the groups. More than one\u2010half of patients took opioids and one\u2010third took benzodiazepines, sleep disorder drugs, and muscle relaxants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who started 1 of the 4 common drugs for fibromyalgia similarly had multiple comorbidities and other fibromyalgia\u2010related medication use, but continued the treatment only for a short time. The dose of the 4 drugs was not increased in most patients during the followup period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T11:30:43Z","timestamp":1373974243000},"page":"1813-1819","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Clinical Characteristics and Medication Uses Among Fibromyalgia Patients Newly Prescribed Amitriptyline, Duloxetine, Gabapentin, or Pregabalin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Seoyoung C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan E.","family":"Landon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel H.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J094v01n03_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Aspects of fibromyalgia in the general population: sex, pain threshold, and fibromyalgia symptoms","volume":"22","author":"Wolfe F","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6942(03)00035-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2007.01480.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2009.00292.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"1318","article-title":"Economic cost and epidemiological characteristics of patients with fibromyalgia claims","volume":"30","author":"Robinson RL","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.019711"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90133-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.9.854"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2011.00497.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"335","article-title":"Confounding by indication","volume":"7","author":"Walker A","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200112000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007076.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.944"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-13-74"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2012.00234.x"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Facr.22071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/acr.22071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T14:40:41Z","timestamp":1759416041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acr.22071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/acr.22071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.22071","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2151-464X","2151-4658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2151-464X","type":"print"},{"value":"2151-4658","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}}}