{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:02:59Z","timestamp":1792782179074,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Reumatologia","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03sgp5m15","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop a new composite disease activity score for gout and provide its first validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disease activity has been defined as the ongoing presence of urate deposits that lead to acute arthritis and joint damage. Every measure for each Outcome Measures in Rheumatology core domain was considered. A 3\u2010step approach (factor analysis, linear discriminant analysis, and linear regression) was applied to derive the Gout Activity Score (GAS). Decision to change treatment or 6\u2010month flare count were used as the surrogate criteria of high disease activity. Baseline and 12\u2010month followup data of 446 patients included in the Kick\u2010Off of the Italian Network for Gout cohort were used. Construct\u2010 and criterion\u2010related validity were tested. External validation on an independent sample is reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Factor analysis identified 5 factors: patient\u2010reported outcomes, joint examination, flares, tophi, and serum uric acid (sUA). Discriminant function analysis resulted in a correct classification of 79%. Linear regression analysis identified a first candidate GAS including 12\u2010month flare count, sUA, visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, VAS global activity assessment, swollen and tender joint counts, and a cumulative measure of tophi. Alternative scores were also developed. The developed GAS demonstrated a good correlation with functional disability (criterion validity) and discrimination between patient\u2010 and physician\u2010reported measures of active disease (construct validity). The results were reproduced in the external sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study developed and validated a composite measure of disease activity in gout. Further testing is required to confirm its generalizability, responsiveness, and usefulness in assisting with clinical decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]],"date-time":"2016-01-27T15:14:11Z","timestamp":1453907651000},"page":"1530-1537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Development and First Validation of a Disease Activity Score for Gout"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7451-0271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo A.","family":"Scir\u00e8","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society for Rheumatology Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta","family":"Carrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society for Rheumatology Milan 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