{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:57:44Z","timestamp":1791446264173,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,21]],"date-time":"2017-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","award":["P30-AR-053503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AR-053503"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","award":["K23-AR-061439"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23-AR-061439"]}]},{"name":"Jerome L. Greene Foundation Discovery Award and Scholar Award"},{"name":"Camille J. Morgan Arthritis Research and Education Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Immune checkpoint inhibitors (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) are improving prognoses in advanced stage cancers, but they also lead to immune\u2010related adverse events (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s).\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s targeting many organ systems have been reported, but musculoskeletal and rheumatic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s have not been well\u2010characterized. We systematically reviewed published literature on musculoskeletal and rheumatic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s to better understand prevalence and clinical characteristics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Medline and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CENTRAL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      databases were searched for articles reporting rheumatic and musculoskeletal\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s secondary to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      treatment. After screening abstracts and full texts in duplicate, clinical features, prevalence, and treatment data were extracted and summarized.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1,725 unique abstracts were screened; 231 contained original data and were about\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s and went to full\u2010text screening. Fifty\u2010two of these contained information about musculoskeletal or rheumatic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s or about treatment with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s in preexisting autoimmune disease. Of these, 33 were clinical trials, 3 were observational studies, and 16 were case reports or series. Arthralgia prevalence in clinical trials ranged 1\u201343%, and myalgia was reported in 2\u201320%. Arthritis was reported in 5 of 33 clinical trials, and vasculitis was reported in only 2. One observational study and 3 case reports described patients with preexisting autoimmune disease treated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s. Case reports included development of inflammatory arthritis, vasculitis, myositis, and lupus nephritis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Arthralgia and myalgia have been reported commonly in patients treated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s. The prevalence of rheumatic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s such as inflammatory arthritis, vasculitis, and sicca syndrome is less clear from current evidence. There is limited observational and case\u2010level evidence describing\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      use in patients with preexisting autoimmune disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,20]],"date-time":"2016-12-20T17:12:46Z","timestamp":1482253966000},"page":"1751-1763","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":359,"title":["Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Immune\u2010Related Adverse Events Due to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Laura C.","family":"Cappelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna 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