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Because the nature of ILE is poorly understood and no treatment recommendations exist, we examined the clinical manifestations, medication history, and immunologic features in a diverse collection of ILE and SLE patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records of subjects enrolled in the Lupus Family Registry and Repository were reviewed for medication history and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria to identify ILE patients (3 ACR criteria; n = 440) and SLE patients (\u22654 ACR criteria; n = 3,397). Participants completed the Connective Tissue Disease Screening Questionnaire. Anticardiolipin and plasma B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) were measured by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) by indirect immunofluorescence, and 13 autoantibodies by bead\u2010based assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On average, ILE patients were older than SLE patients (46.2 years versus 42.0 years;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001), and fewer ILE patients were African American (23.9% versus 32.2%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). ILE patients exhibited fewer autoantibody specificities than SLE patients (1.3 versus 2.6;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and were less likely to have ANA titers \u22651:1,080 (10.5% versus 19.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). BLyS levels were intermediate in ILE patients (controls &lt; ILE;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.016; ILE &lt; SLE;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.008). Pericarditis, renal, or neurologic manifestations occurred in 12.5% of ILE patients and were associated with non\u2013European American race\/ethnicity (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.012). Hydroxychloroquine use increased over time, but was less frequent in ILE than SLE patients (65.2% versus 83.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although usually characterized by milder symptoms, ILE manifestations may require immunomodulatory treatments. Longitudinal studies are necessary to understand how ILE affects organ damage and future SLE risk, and to delineate molecular pathways unique to ILE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,24]],"date-time":"2017-01-24T13:54:07Z","timestamp":1485266047000},"page":"1780-1788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Clinical and Serologic Features in Patients With Incomplete Lupus Classification Versus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Controls"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Aberle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecka L.","family":"Bourn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa E.","family":"Munroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia C.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel M.","family":"Guthridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Bean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie M.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy L.","family":"Sivils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Liles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan T.","family":"Merrill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Harley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy J.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State Milton S. 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