{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T07:46:24Z","timestamp":1769845584452,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore gout self\u2010management and associated challenges and solutions in African Americans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted semistructured interviews with 35 African American veterans with gout, who received health care at Birmingham or Philadelphia Veterans Affairs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content>) medical centers, had filled urate\u2010lowering therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ULT<\/jats:styled-content>; most commonly allopurinol) for at least 6 months, and had a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ULT<\/jats:styled-content> medication possession ratio \u226580%. The interview protocol was constructed to explore key concepts related to gout self\u2010management, including initial diagnosis of gout, beginning medical care for gout, the course of the gout, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ULT<\/jats:styled-content> medication adherence, dietary strategies, comorbidity and side effects, and social support.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010five African American male veterans with gout who had \u226580% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ULT<\/jats:styled-content> adherence (most commonly, allopurinol) were interviewed at Birmingham (n = 18) or Philadelphia (n = 17) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content> medical centers. Mean age was 65 years, mean body mass index was 31.9 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 97% had hypertension, 23% had coronary artery disease, and 31% had renal failure. The main themes motivating African American veterans to better gout self\u2010management were fear of pain, adherence to medications, self\u2010discipline, lifestyle changes, information gathering, and developing a positive outlook. Birmingham participants more frequently revealed skipping gout medications. More Philadelphia participants discussed lifestyle\/diet changes to prevent gout flares, indicated limiting social activities that involved drinking, and sought more information about gout self\u2010management from health care providers and internet sources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identified themes, including cultural differences by site, led to the development of a patient\u2010centered intervention to improve gout self\u2010management in African American men with gout.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,24]],"date-time":"2017-01-24T13:53:53Z","timestamp":1485266033000},"page":"1724-1732","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Gout Self\u2010Management in African American Veterans: A Qualitative Exploration of Challenges and Solutions From Patients' Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Jasvinder 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