{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:01:57Z","timestamp":1792620117899,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]],"date-time":"2018-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain catastrophizing is conceptualized as a negative cognitive\u2013affective response to anticipated or actual pain and has been associated with important pain\u2010related outcomes. The objective of this prospective study of established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients was to explore how pain catastrophizing was related to patient\u2010reported outcomes (PROs), composite scores, and assessments of inflammatory activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>RA patients starting biologic disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drugs were examined at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months with PROs (joint pain\/patient's global visual analog scale [VAS], modified Health Assessment Questionnaire, Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease score), clinical and laboratory assessments (tender\/swollen joint count, assessor's global VAS, erythrocyte sedimentation rate\/C\u2010reactive protein [CRP] level), ultrasound (US) (gray scale [GS]\/power Doppler [PD] of 36 joints and 4 tendons), and pain catastrophizing. The composite scores for Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, Clinical Disease Activity Index, and Simplified Disease Activity Index were calculated. Statistical calculations included independent samples <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, paired samples <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, one\u2010way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlations, and linear and logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 209 patients included, 152 (72.7%) completed 12\u2010month followup. Pain catastrophizing, PROs, and clinical and inflammatory assessments decreased significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Pain catastrophizing was strongly correlated with the PROs and composite scores (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) but not with the inflammatory parameters (swollen joint count, CRP level, and GS\/PD US). Patients with higher levels of pain catastrophizing had higher PROs and composite scores during the study (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) but not inflammatory assessments. Baseline pain catastrophizing was negatively associated with achievement of remission at 6 and 12 months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain catastrophizing was strongly associated with PROs and composite measures, but not with markers of inflammation. High levels of pain catastrophizing reduced the likelihood of achieving composite score remission and should be a factor to consider in a treat\u2010to\u2010target strategy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,13]],"date-time":"2017-08-13T22:02:39Z","timestamp":1502661759000},"page":"703-712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Pain Catastrophizing, Subjective Outcomes, and Inflammatory Assessments Including Ultrasound: Results From a Longitudinal Study of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Hilde B.","family":"Hammer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Till","family":"Uhlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diakonhjemmet Hospital Oslo 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