{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T10:07:10Z","timestamp":1782727630648,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]],"date-time":"2018-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24\u2010AR\u2010099589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24\u2010AR\u2010099589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess hepatitis B virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>) reactivation rates in patients with resolved or chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection, receiving disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drugs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMARD<\/jats:styled-content>s) and with or without antiviral prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Medline, and Embase using Ovid through December 31, 2015. A search strategy was developed for each database using the following inclusion criteria: for participants, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and resolved or chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection; for intervention, tumor necrosis factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibitors or non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content> biologic or nonbiologic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMARD<\/jats:styled-content>s; and for outcome, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> reactivation. Four reviewers independently extracted study data and assessed study quality using the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale. To determine the pooled <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> reactivation rate, the variances of the raw proportions were stabilized using a Freeman\u2010Tukey\u2010type arcsine square root transformation, using a random\u2010effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010five studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled rate of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> reactivation was 1.6% (95% confidence interval [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>] 0.8\u20132.6) in patients with resolved <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>. Similar rates were observed in resolved patients taking <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content> inhibitors (1.4% [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5\u20132.6]), non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content> biologics (6.1% [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.0\u201316.6]), and nonbiologic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMARD<\/jats:styled-content>s (1.7% [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.2\u20134.2]). We also found that the reactivation rate was lower in patients with chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection who received antiviral prophylaxis (9.0% [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 4.1\u201315.5]) than in those who did not (14.6% [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 4.3\u201329.0]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> reactivation rate in inflammatory arthritis patients receiving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMARD<\/jats:styled-content>s was low in resolved patients and moderate in patients with chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection. Further, lower rates were observed in patients with chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection who were using antiviral prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T17:26:41Z","timestamp":1503422801000},"page":"724-731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis Receiving Disease\u2010Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8333-7666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzu\u2010Chieh","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard T. 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