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At baseline, participants reported sociodemographic characteristics, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related pain and function, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content> treatment use, including oral analgesics, topical creams, joint injections, and physical therapy. Separate, multivariable logistic models (adjusted for clustering of clinics and providers for the Duke and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content> cohorts) were used to estimate odds ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>s) and 95% confidence intervals (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>s) for the associations between participant characteristics and each type of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content> treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral analgesic use was reported by 70\u201382% of participants across the 3 cohorts. Physical therapy, knee injections, and topical creams were used by 39\u201352%, 55\u201360%, and 25\u201339% of Duke, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UNC<\/jats:styled-content> participants, respectively. In multivariable models, worse pain, stiffness, and function, per 5\u2010unit increase, were associated with greater odds of using any oral analgesic for the cohorts from Duke (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.18 [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.08\u20131.28]) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UNC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.14 [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.05\u20131.24]), but not for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VA<\/jats:styled-content> cohort (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.04 [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.95\u20131.14]). For all 3 cohorts, nonwhites had higher odds of using topical creams compared to whites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results suggest potential underutilization of therapies other than oral analgesics. Patient characteristics may affect <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content> treatment use, and understanding the relationship between these factors and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content> treatment preferences may improve adherence to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OA<\/jats:styled-content> treatment guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T15:06:42Z","timestamp":1510326402000},"page":"1141-1149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Nonsurgical Osteoarthritis Treatment Among Patients in Outpatient Clinics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Abbate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Healthcare 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