{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:28:00Z","timestamp":1789705680304,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,28]],"date-time":"2019-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P60\u2010AR\u2010047782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P60\u2010AR\u2010047782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AR\u201005557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AR\u201005557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32\u2010AR\u2010055885"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32\u2010AR\u2010055885"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24\u2010AR\u2010057827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24\u2010AR\u2010057827"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care & Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Synovitis is a prevalent feature in patients with knee osteoarthritis (\n OA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and meniscal tear and is associated with pain and cartilage damage. Patient\u2010reported swelling is also prevalent in this population. The aim of this study was to investigate the cross\u2010sectional association between patient\u2010reported swelling and effusion\u2010synovitis detected by magnetic resonance imaging (\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in patients with\n OA<\/jats:styled-content>\n and meniscal tear.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We used baseline data from a multicenter, randomized controlled trial, Meniscal Tear in Osteoarthritis Research\u00a0(\n METEOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010identified effusion\u2010synovitis, a proxy for effusion and synovitis on noncontrast\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n s, was graded as none\/small versus medium\/large. Using\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010identified effusion\u2010synovitis as the gold standard, we assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of patient self\u2010reported swelling in the previous week (none, intermittent, constant) to detect effusion and synovitis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n We analyzed data from 276 patients. Twenty\u2010five percent of patients reported no swelling, 40% had intermittent swelling, and 36% had constant swelling. Fifty\u2010two percent had\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010identified medium\/large\u2013grade effusion\u2010synovitis. As compared with\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010identified effusion\u2010synovitis, any patient\u2010reported swelling (versus none) had a sensitivity of 84% (95% confidence interval [95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] 77\u201389), a specificity of 34% (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 26\u201343), and a positive predictive value of 57% (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 54\u201361). A history of constant swelling (versus none or intermittent) showed a sensitivity of 46% (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 37\u201354), a specificity of 75% (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 67\u201382), and a positive predictive value of 66% (95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 58\u201374).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n We found that the sensitivity and specificity of patient\u2010reported swelling were modest when compared with effusion\u2010synovitis detected by\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n . These data urge caution against using patient\u2010reported swelling as a proxy of inflammation manifesting as effusion\u2010synovitis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,4]],"date-time":"2018-05-04T07:22:24Z","timestamp":1525418544000},"page":"385-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Relationship Between Patient\u2010Reported Swelling and Magnetic Resonance Imaging\u2013Defined Effusion\u2010Synovitis in Patients With Meniscus Tears and Knee Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8398-3804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lindsey A.","family":"MacFarlane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-007X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie E.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Guermazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Mandl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weil Cornell Medicine New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G.","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weil Cornell Medicine New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare E.","family":"Safran\u2010Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3424-0892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Losina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey N.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Meniscal Tear in Osteoarthritis Research Investigator 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physical exam findings and self\u2010reported symptoms are associated with MRI\u2010detected effusion\u2010synovitis among participants with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) [abstract]","volume":"68","author":"Berlinberg A","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Care & 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