{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:15:10Z","timestamp":1780470910773,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000980","name":"Arthritis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000980","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp;amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of musculoskeletal ultrasound is increasing among pediatric rheumatologists. Reliable scoring systems are needed for the objective assessment of synovitis. The aims of this study were to create a standardized and reproducible image acquisition protocol for B\u2010mode and Doppler ultrasound of the pediatric knee, and to develop a standardized scoring system and determine its reliability for pediatric knee synovitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six pediatric rheumatologists developed a set of standard views for knee assessment in children with juvenile arthritis. Subsequently, a comprehensive literature review, practical exercises, and a consensus process were performed. A scoring system for both B\u2010mode and Doppler was then developed and assessed for reliability. Interreader reliability or agreement among a total of 16 raters was determined using 2\u2010way single\u2010score intraclass correlation coefficient (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>) analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one views to assess knee arthritis were initially identified. Following completion of practical exercises and subsequent consensus processes, 3 views in both B\u2010mode and Doppler were selected: suprapatellar longitudinal and medial\/lateral parapatellar transverse views. Several rounds of scoring and modifications resulted in a final <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content> of suprapatellar view B\u2010mode 0.89 (95% confidence interval [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>] 0.86\u20130.92) and Doppler 0.55 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.41\u20130.69), medial parapatellar view B\u2010mode 0.76 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.68\u20130.83) and Doppler 0.75 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.66\u20130.83), and lateral parapatellar view B\u2010mode 0.82 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.75\u20130.88) and Doppler 0.76 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.66\u20130.84).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A novel B\u2010mode and Doppler image acquisition and scoring system for assessing synovitis in the pediatric knee was successfully developed through practical exercises and a consensus process. Study results demonstrate overall good\u2010to\u2010excellent reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,7]],"date-time":"2018-09-07T05:44:08Z","timestamp":1536299048000},"page":"977-985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Novel Ultrasound Image Acquisition Protocol and Scoring System for the Pediatric Knee"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Tracy V.","family":"Ting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Vega\u2010Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine and the Children\u2019s Hospital of Atlanta  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Oberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital  Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre","family":"De Ranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago  Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hulya","family":"Bukulmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MetroHealth Medical Center  Cleveland Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Denver"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cigna  Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Barrowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongdong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital  Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Benham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children  Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akaluck","family":"Thatayatikom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida  Gainesville"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Ultrasound Workgroup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211585"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161240"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1593533"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21644"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2016.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"One year in review: ultrasound in arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Naredo E","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22846"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-4054-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket148"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","volume-title":"Fundamentals of pediatric orthopedics","author":"Staheli LT","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22670"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-016-3528-x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-eular.6199","article-title":"Ultrasonography definitions for synovitis grading in children: the OMERACT pediatric ultrasound task force [abstract]","volume":"76","author":"Vojinovic J","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/CMAMD.S4371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-012-1987-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e3181e29c55"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH12-11-0874"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"E173","article-title":"Which knee and probe position determines the final diagnosis of knee inflammation by ultrasound? 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