{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:52:01Z","timestamp":1780473121122,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"South-Eastern Norway and Western Norway Regional Health Authorities"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subclinical left ventricular (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content>) myocardial dysfunction is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content>), but it is not known whether subclinical <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> myocardial dysfunction is present in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>) independent of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content> risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography were performed in 106 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> (mean \u00b1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> age 48 \u00b1 12 years; 59% men) and 106 matched controls (mean \u00b1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> age 51 \u00b1 12 years; 59% men). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> systolic myocardial function was assessed by peak systolic global longitudinal strain (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content> risk factors were similarly distributed in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> and controls, but more controls received statin therapy (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.05). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly lower in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> compared to controls (mean \u00b1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> \u221217.7 \u00b1 2.5% versus \u221218.4 \u00b1 2.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). In univariable linear regression analyses in the total study population, lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with having <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>, male sex, higher body mass index, higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> mass index, and lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> ejection fraction (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Having <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> retained an independent association with lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> when adjusted for these factors in multivariable analyses (\u03b2 = 0.16, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). In patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>, lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was independently associated with larger aortic root diameter in multivariable analyses (\u03b2 = 0.24, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02), while no association with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> disease activity, disease duration, or use of antirheumatic medication was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> had lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> compared with controls, independent of confounders. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content> patients, lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with larger aortic root diameter. Prospective studies should test whether lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLS<\/jats:styled-content> contributes to the observed higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVD<\/jats:styled-content> risk in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,22]],"date-time":"2018-09-22T09:16:43Z","timestamp":1537607803000},"page":"1276-1283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Left Ventricular Systolic Myocardial Function in Ankylosing Spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Helga","family":"Midtb\u00f8","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haukeland University Hospital  Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne 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