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Prior work documented a relatively high prevalence of CMD<\/jats:styled-content> in the absence of obstructive CAD<\/jats:styled-content> in subjects with SLE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Twenty female SLE<\/jats:styled-content> subjects with CP<\/jats:styled-content> who underwent stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI<\/jats:styled-content>) and coronary computed tomography angiography at baseline were reevaluated at 5 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Seventeen subjects (85%) were available and reenrolled, of which 11 (65%) had persistent CP<\/jats:styled-content> at follow\u2010up. Fourteen subjects had complete follow\u2010up CMRI<\/jats:styled-content>, of which 36% (n = 5) demonstrated CMD<\/jats:styled-content> at follow\u2010up. Further, 25% (1 of 4) of the originally abnormal myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI<\/jats:styled-content>) findings at baseline were lower at follow\u2010up, while 2 additional abnormal MPRI<\/jats:styled-content> findings at follow\u2010up were noted in previously normal MPRI<\/jats:styled-content> results. The prevalence of CMD<\/jats:styled-content> and nonobstructive\/obstructive CAD<\/jats:styled-content> both was unchanged between baseline and follow\u2010up, respectively (both P<\/jats:italic> values not significant). During follow\u2010up, 33% of subjects (5 of 15) had adverse cardiac outcomes, including pericarditis, unstable angina, or intracranial aneurysm clipping procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>At the 5\u2010year follow\u2010up of SLE<\/jats:styled-content> subjects with CP<\/jats:styled-content> who were evaluated at baseline and follow\u2010up, a majority had persistent CP<\/jats:styled-content>, and nearly one\u2010half had similar or worse myocardial perfusion consistent with CMD<\/jats:styled-content> without obstructive CAD<\/jats:styled-content>. These findings propose an alternative explanation for CP<\/jats:styled-content> in SLE<\/jats:styled-content> subjects compared to the more common SLE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related accelerated obstructive CAD<\/jats:styled-content> accounting for CP<\/jats:styled-content> and adverse outcomes. These findings support further studies of CMD<\/jats:styled-content> as an etiology for cardiac morbidity and mortality in SLE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T17:37:59Z","timestamp":1557164279000},"page":"882-887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Five\u2010Year Follow\u2010Up of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Coronary Artery Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results From a Community\u2010Based Lupus Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Vaneet K.","family":"Sandhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Loma Linda University Loma Linda California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise E. 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