{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:27:22Z","timestamp":1776400042739,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000341","name":"Arthritis Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Programme Grant 18174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Programme Grant 18174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ICA\u2010CL\u20102016\u201002\u2010014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICA\u2010CL\u20102016\u201002\u2010014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Care & Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>To examine associations between calcaneal enthesophytes and osteoarthritis (OA<\/jats:styled-content>) in the hands and feet, and to provide insights into the role of biomechanical and systemic processes in the development of OA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Adults ages \u226550 years who were registered with 4 general practices were mailed a Health Survey. Responders reporting foot pain within the last 12 months underwent a detailed assessment, including hand and foot radiographs. Calcaneal enthesophytes (plantar and posterior) and OA<\/jats:styled-content> features (osteophytes and joint space narrowing) were documented. Associations between enthesophytes and hand and foot OA<\/jats:styled-content> (including OA<\/jats:styled-content> phenotypes and OA<\/jats:styled-content> features at individual joints) were explored using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Data were available from 532 participants (298 women, mean \u00b1 SD<\/jats:styled-content> age 64.9 \u00b1 8.4 years). Calcaneal enthesophytes were not associated with hand OA<\/jats:styled-content> phenotypes or OA<\/jats:styled-content> at individual hand joints. In contrast, plantar calcaneal enthesophytes were positively associated with polyarticular foot OA<\/jats:styled-content> (odds ratio [OR<\/jats:styled-content>] 1.80 [95% confidence interval (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.02\u20133.17]). When individual foot joints were examined, posterior enthesophytes were associated with talonavicular joint OA<\/jats:styled-content> (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.58 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.02\u20132.44]) and plantar enthesophytes were associated with first metatarsophalangeal joint OA<\/jats:styled-content> (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.67 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.49\u20130.98]) and navicular\u2010cuneiform joint OA<\/jats:styled-content> (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.30 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.40\u20133.79]). Patterns of association were similar for osteophytes and joint space narrowing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Calcaneal enthesophytes are associated with foot OA<\/jats:styled-content> but not hand OA<\/jats:styled-content>. The pattern of association is indicative of a local, biomechanical rather than systemic bone\u2010forming process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,20]],"date-time":"2019-07-20T04:32:53Z","timestamp":1563597173000},"page":"1343-1348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Associations Between Calcaneal Enthesophytes and Osteoarthritis of the Hands and Feet"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-3846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hylton B.","family":"Menz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK, and La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria 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